Muscles Flashcards by Jessica Hoskins

Trapezius

ORI: upper neck to mid back
INS: clavicle, scapular spine
ACT: varied because so large

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Rhomboids

Minor (superior), Major (inferior)
ORI: mid spine (upper back)
INS: medial border of scapula
ACT: adduction of scapula

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Levetor Scapulae

ORI: top 4 vertebrae
INS: medial border of scapula
ACT: elevates scapula (shrugging)

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Serratus Anterior

ORI: Ribs 1-8
INS: Medial border of scapula
ACT: Protraction, abduction of scapula

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Subclavius

ORI: Rib 1
INS: Clavicle (inferior side)
ACT: Depression of shoulder and protraction

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Pectoralis Minor

ORI: ribs 3-5
INS: coracoid process
ACT: depression/protraction of shoulder and medial rotation of the scapula

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Deltoid

ORI: Clavicle, scapular spine and acromion 
INS: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
ACT: abduction of the shoulder
anterior - flexion, medial rotation
posterior - extensions, lateral rotation

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Supraspinatus

Supra - Super - hero - helps the deltoid (lol) 
Posterior, superficial
ORI: Supraspinous fossa
INS: Greater tubercle (humerus)
ACT: abduction of the shoulder

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Subscapularis

Anterior
ORI: Subscapular fossa
INS: lesser tubercle (humerus)
ACT: medial rotation of shoulder adduction

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Teres Major

ORI: Inferior angle (scapula)
INS: Intertubercular sulcus (humerus)
ACT: Extension, medial rotation of shoulder

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Infraspinatus

Posterior
ORI: Infraspinous fossa
INS: Greater tubercle (humerus)
ACT: lateral rotation of the shoulder

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Teres Minor

ORI: lateral border scapula
INS: Greater tubercle (humerus)
ACT: lateral rotation (adduction)

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Coracobrachialis

ORI: Coracoid process
INS: Medial shaft (humerus)
ACT: adduction, flexion at shoulder

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Pectoralis Major

ORI: ribs 2-6, sternum, medial clavicle
INS: greater tubercle (humerus) and intertubercular sulcus
ACT: flexion and medial rotation, adduction

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Latissimus Dorsi

Posterior
ORI: Inferior thorax and sacral vertebrae, ribs 8-12
INS: Intertubercular sulcus (humerus)
ACT: Extension, adduction, medial rotation

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Triceps Lateral Head

ORI: superior, lateral humerus
INS: olecranon (ulna)
ACT: extensions of the elbow

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Triceps Long Head

ORI: Infraglenoid tubercle
INS: olecranon (ulna)
ACT: extension at the elbow AND extension/adduction at the shoulder

Triceps Medial Head

ORI: posterior humerus
INS: olecranon
ACT: extension at the elbow

Anconeus

ORI: posterior of the lateral epicondyle
INS: olecranon
ACT: extension of the elbow

Biceps Brachii

Short Head ORI: coracoid process
Long Head ORI: supraglenoid tubercle
INS: radial tuberosity
ACT: flexion and suppination (soup-up)

Brachialis

ORI: distal anterior humerus
INS: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process (ulna)
ACT: flexion

Brachioradialis

ORI: Ridge above lateral epicondoyle (humerus)
INS: Styloid process of the radius
ACT: flexion at the elbow

Superficial muscles that move the hand/fingers from superior to distal (PFPF) anterior

Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Pronator Teres

ORI: medial epicondyle (humerus) and coronoid process (ulna)
INS: middle of lateral surface of radius
ACT: flexion at elbow, pronation or forearm/hand

Flexor Carpi Radialis

ORI: medial epicondyle (humerus) INS: metacarpals 2 and 3 ACT: flexion, abduction of wrist

Palmaris Longus

ORI: medial epicondyle (humerus) INS: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum ACT: flexion at the wrist

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

ORI: medial epicondyle (humerus), olecranon INS: pisimform, hamate, 5th metacarpal ACT: flexion/adduction at wrist

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

ORI: interosseous membrane, coronoid process, medial and posterior ulna INS: to bases of distal phalanges digits 2 to 5 ACT: flexion at distal interphalangeal joints

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

ORI: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process (ulna) INS: bases of middle phalanges 2 to 5 ACT: flexion at proximal interphalangeal joints and wrist joints

Flexor Pollicis Longus

ORI: anterior shaft of radius, intersseous membrane INS: base of distal phalanx of thumb ACT: flexion at thumb joints

Extensor carpi radialis longus

ORI: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus INS: base of metacarpal 2 ACT: Extension/adbduction at wrist

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

ORI: lateral epicondyle of humerus INS: base of metacarpal 3 ACT: extension/abduction at wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

ORI: lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent dorsal surface of ulna INS: base of metacarpal 5 ACT: extension/adduction at wrist

Superficial muscles that move the hand/fingers posterior

Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris

Middle posterior muscles that move the hand/ fingers

Extensor digitorum | Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor digitorum

ORI: lateral epicondyle (humerus) INS: posterior phalanges, digits 2-5 ACT: extension at finger joints and wrist

Extensor digiti minimi

ORI: from extensor tendon to lateral epicondyle, intermuscular septa INS: proximal phalynx of little finger ACT: extension at joints of little finger and wrist

Deep posterior muscles that move hand/fingers

Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicus Extensor pollicis brevis

Abductor pollicis longus

ORI: dorsal surface of radius and ulna INS: lateral margin of metacarpal bone 1 and trapezium ACT: Abduction at thumb and wrist

Extensor pollicis longus

ORI: ulna and interserrous membrane INS: distal phalynx of thumb ACT: Extension at thumb and abduction of wrist

Extensor Indicus

ORI: ulna and interosseous membrane INS: proximal phalynx of digit 2 with tendon of extensor digitorum ACT: Extension, adduction at joint of index finger (2)

Extensor pollicis brevis

ORI: interossesous membrane and radius INS: proximal phalynx of thumb ACT: extension at the thumb, abduction at wrist