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Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

The study of muscles is?

A

Myology

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2
Q

Tendons

A

Muscles to bones

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3
Q

Aponeurosis

A

A tendon that is flat and ribbonlike, a broad sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or fascia to bind muscles together.

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4
Q

Tendons are surrounded by what?

A

Tendon sheath

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5
Q

Fascia

A

Is a sheet of fibrous membrane that encloses muscles and separates them into groups

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6
Q

Ligaments

A

Bone to bone or bone to cartilage

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7
Q

Orgin

A

Less moveable. The end of the muscle

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8
Q

Insertion

A

Moves the muscle

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9
Q

Motor nerve

A

Causes muscle to move by stimulating a group of muscle fibers

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10
Q

A group of muscle cells is called what?

A

Motor or neuromotor unit

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11
Q

The plasma membrane of a muscle cell is called what?

A

Sarcolemma

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12
Q

The cytoplasm of a muscle cell is called what?

A

Sarcoplasm

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13
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

Controlled at will, striated

Ex: eyes, tongue, pharynx

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14
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Non striated, spindle-shaped fibers, not controllable at will.
Ex: stomach, intestines, uterus

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15
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Involuntary striated muscle, heart

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16
Q

Prime movers

A

Actively produce a movement

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17
Q

Antagonists

A

Relaxing, opposite of prime movers

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18
Q

Synergists

A

Contract simultaneously with the prime movers to help execute a movement or steady a part

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19
Q

Azygous

A

Not paired

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20
Q

Bi, tri, quadri

A

Two, three, and four

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21
Q

Externus

A

External or outer

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22
Q

Gracilis

A

Slender

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23
Q

Latissimus

A

Wide

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24
Q

Longissimus

A

Long

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25
Q

Longus

26
Q

Medius

A

Intermediate

27
Q

Orbicularis

A

Surrounding

28
Q

Quadratus

29
Q

Rectus

30
Q

Rhomboideus

A

Diamond-shaped or shaped like a kite

31
Q

Scalenus

A

Irregularly triangular or unequally three-sided

32
Q

Serratus

A

Sawtoothed

33
Q

Teres

A

Round or cylindrical

34
Q

Transversus

35
Q

Vastus

36
Q

What are the two facial muscles?

A

Orbicularis oculi

Masseters

37
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Muscles that moves the eyes

38
Q

Masseters

A

Chewing, raises and lowers the mandible

39
Q

Serratus

A

Important for respiration and for supporting the trunk of the body in all quadruped species. Neck

40
Q

Pectoral

A

Forms chest, and adducts forelimb

41
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Broadest muscle in the back, supports forelimb and aids in flexion of shoulder

42
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the epaxial group?

A

Iliocastalis
Longissimus
Transversospinalis

43
Q

What do the muscles in the epaxial group do?

A

Act as extensors of the vertebral column and produce lateral movement of the trunk

44
Q

What are the three muscles of the thorax?

A

External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Diaphragm

45
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Extends forelimb

46
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexes forelimb

47
Q

The 4 abdominal muscles are

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis

48
Q

What do the abdominal muscles do?

A

Keep the viscera in place, support and compress the abdomen and contract during parturition, defecation, urination, and coughing

49
Q

Linea alba

A

A fibrous band of connective tissue running the entire length of the center of the ventral abdominal floor

50
Q

Gluteal

A

Major muscles over pelvis, extends and abducts limb

51
Q

What are the 4 muscles in quadriceps femoris?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

52
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Flexes and extends leg

53
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Extends leg

54
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Extends leg

55
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Extends leg

56
Q

What does the “semi” group include?

A

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris

57
Q

What does the “semi” group do?

A

Forms the hamstrings

58
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Flexes leg and foot

59
Q

Arrector pili

A

Muscles that attach to the hairs on the dorsum. Raise the hair on the back

60
Q

Cutaneous trunci

A

Attaches to the dermis. Insect-repelling skin. Causes the skin to twitch

61
Q

Cremaster

A

The muscles that raises and lowers the scrotum

Terminology (9 decks)

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