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Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

corrugator

A

eyebrows together

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1
Q

frontalis

A

raises the eyebrows

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2
Q

procerus

A

wrinkles nose

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3
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes the mouth

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4
Q

zygomaticus

A

raises corners of mouth, superior lateral (real smile)

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5
Q

dilator nares

A

opens nostrils

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6
Q

compressor nares

A

closes nostrils

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7
Q

risorius

A

fake smile

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8
Q

levator labii superioris

A

raises upper lip

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9
Q

levator anguli oris

A

raises corner of mouth

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10
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

depress corner of mouth

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11
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

depress lower lip

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12
Q

buccinator

A

compress cheeks

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13
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes the eye

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14
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

A

elevates eyelid

innervated by oculomotor CN III

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15
Q

muscles of facial expression innvervated by

A

facial nerve CN VII

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16
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

O: sternal head - anterior surface of manubrium
clavicular head - medial 1/3 of clavicle

IN: lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral 1/2 of the superior nuchal line

INN: CN XI spinal accessory

A: flexes neck, extends head, ipsi side bend, contra rotation

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17
Q

splenius capitus

A

O: ligamentum nuchae
superior 6 thoracis vertebrae T1-T6

IN: mastoid process, superior nuchale line

INN: dorsal rami

A: ipsi head rotation & side bend
extend head & neck when acting together

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18
Q

scalenes

A

O: transverse processes C2-C6

IN: middle & anterior - rib 1
posterior - rib 2

INN: ventral rami

A: elevate ribs to aid in respiration
ipsi side bend head
contra rotate head

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19
Q

levator scapulae

A

O: posterior tubercle of 1st 4 transverse processes

IN: superior angle of scapula

INN: dorsal scapula nerve

A: in C-spine - ipsi side bend & rotation
in sagittal plane - tilt head back, head & neck extension

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20
Q

suprahyoids

A

mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid
digastric - INN - 2 CN (non-specified)

A: elevate the hyoid bone

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21
Q

infrahyoids

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid - INN CN XII
omohyoid

INN: ansa cervicalis

A: depress hyoid

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22
Q

iliopsoas

A

O: iliacus - iliac crest & fossa
psoas major - T12-L5

IN: lesser trochanter

INN: femoral nerve

A: hip flexion

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23
Q

sartorius

A

O: ASIS

IN: pes anserine

INN: femoral nerve

A: hip Flexion, ABduction, External Rotation (FABER)

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24
Q

tensor fascia lata (TFL)

A

O: ASIS, lateral aspect iliac crest

IN: iliotibial band (inserts on Gerdy’s tubercle)

INN: superior gluteal nerve

A: hip flexion, ABduction, internal rotation

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25
Q

rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS

IN: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

INN: femoral nerve

A: extend knee, flex hip

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26
Q

vastus lateralis

A

O: lateral lip linear aspera

IN: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

INN: femoral nerve

A: extend knee

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27
Q

vastus medialis

A

O: medial lip linear aspera

IN: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

INN: femoral nerve

A: extend knee

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28
Q

vastus intermedius

A

O: anterior lateral shaft of femur

IN: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

INN: femoral nerve

A: extend knee

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29
Q

pectineus

A

O: body of pubic bone (pectin pubis)

IN: pectineal line on proximal femur

INN: femoral OR obturator nerve

A: hi ADDuction, hip flexion

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30
Q

ADDuctor longus

A

O: superior pubic rami

IN: middle aspect of linea aspera (inferior to pectineus)

INN: obturator nerve

A: hip ADDuction, hip flexion OR extension

31
Q

ADDuctor brevis

A

O: inferior pubic ramus

IN: pectineal line, proximal aspect of femur

INN: obturator nerve

A: hip ADDuction

32
Q

ADDuctor magnus

A

O: anterior - inferior pubic ramus
posterior - ischial tuberosity

IN: distal end medial aspect femur, ADDuctor tubercle of femur

INN: obturator AND sciatic nerves

A: hip ADDuction, hip extension

33
Q

gracilis

A

O: inferior pubic ramus

IN: superior medial aspect of tibia

INN: obturator nerve

A: hip ADDuction
synergist for knee flexion

34
Q

obturator externus

A

O: obturator foramen

IN: trochanteric fossa on femur

INN: obturator nerve

A: hip external roation

35
Q

femoral triangle

A 
base - inguinal ligament
lateral border - sartorius
medial border - ADDuctor longus
floor - lateral: iliopsoas; medial: pectineus
roof - fascia lata

contents:
femoral vein, artery, nerve

36
Q

gluteus maximus

A

O: sacrum, coccyx, posterior aspect of ilium

IN: posterior aspect of ITB

INN: inferior gluteal nerve

A: hip extension, hip external rotation

37
Q

gluteus medius

A

O: posterior aspect of ilium

IN: lateral aspect of greater trochanter

INN: superior gluteal nerve

A: hip ABduction, hip internal rotation

38
Q

gluteus minimus

A

O: posterior ilium

IN: anterior aspect of greater trochanter

INN: superior gluteal nerve

A: hip ABduction, hip internal rotation

39
Q

piriformis

A

O: anterior sacrum

IN: superior aspect of greater trochanter

INN: nerve to piriformis

A: hip external rotation

40
Q

superior gemellus

A

O: ischial spine

IN: medial aspect of greater trochanter

INN: nerve to obturator internus

A: hip external rotation

41
Q

obturator internus

A

O: obturator foramen

IN: medial aspect of greater trochanter

INN: nerve to obturator internus

A: hip external rotation

42
Q

inferior gemellus

A

O: ischial tuberosity

IN: medial aspect of greater trochanter

INN: nerve to quadratus femoris

A: hip external rotation

43
Q

quadratus femoris

A

O: ischial tuberosity

IN: medial aspect of greater trochanter

INN: nerve to quadratus femoris

A: hip external rotation

44
Q

semimembranosis

A

O: ischial tuberosity

IN: posterior medial tibia, medial meniscus

INN: sciatic nerve

A: hip extension, knee flexion

45
Q

semitendinosis

A

O: ischial tuberosity

IN: pes anserine

INN: sciatic nerve

A: hip extension, knee flexion

46
Q

biceps femoris

A

O: LH - ischial tuberosity
SH - posterior femur

IN: fibular head

INN: sicatic nerve

A: LH - hip extension, knee flexion
SH - knee flexion

47
Q

popliteal fossa

A

superior lateral - biceps femoris
superior medial - semitendinosis, semimembranosis
inferior lateral - lateral gastrocnemius
inferior medial - medial gastrocnemius

contents:
popliteal artery & vein
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
48
Q

tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral condyle tibia, proximal 1/2 shaft of tibia, interosseus membrane

IN: 1st metatarsal, medial aspect medial cuneiform

INN: deep fibular nerve

A: dorsiflexion, inversion

49
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

O: proximal 3/4 lateral surface of fibula, interosseus membrane

IN: 4 tendons - middle & distal phalanges digits 2-5

INN: deep fibular nerve

A: extend toes

50
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

O: middle 1/2 anterior fibula, interosseus membrane

IN: distal phalanx digit 1

INN: deep fibular nerve

A: extend big toe

51
Q

fibularis tertiarius

A

O: lateral 1/3 fibula

IN: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

INN: deep fibular nerve

A: dorsiflexion, eversion

52
Q

fibularis longus

A

O: proximal 2/3 lateral aspect fibula

IN: 1st metatarsal, lateral aspect medial cuneiform

INN: superficial fibula nerve

A: eversion
synergist for plantar flexion

53
Q

fibularis brevis

A

O: distal 2/3 fibula

IN: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

INN: superficial fibula nerve

A: eversion
synergist for plantar flexion

54
Q

gastrocnemius

A

O: medial - medial femoral condyle
lateral - lateral femoral condyle

IN: Achilles’ tendon

INN: tibial nerve

A: ankle - plantar flexion
knee - flexion

55
Q

soleus

A

O: posterior aspect fibular including head, posterior medial border tibia

IN: Achilles’ tendon

INN: tibial nerve

A: plantar flexion

56
Q

plantaris

A

O: oblique popliteal ligament

IN: Achilles’ tendon

INN: tibial nerve

A: plantar flexion

57
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

O: inferior posterior lateral surface fibula, interosseus membrane

IN: distal phalanx digit 1

INN: tibial nerve

A: flex big toe
synergist for plantar felxion

58
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A

O: posterior surface tibia & fibula

IN: distal phalanges digits 2-5

INN: tibial nerve

A: flexes digits 2-5
assists with plantar flexion

59
Q

tibialis posterior

A

O: posterior fibula, interosseus membrane, posterior aspect tibia inferior to soleal line

IN: metatarsal 1, navicular, cuboid, all cuneiforms, sometimes metatarsals 2, 3, 4

INN: tibial nerve

A: plantar flexion, inversion

60
Q

popliteus

A

O: lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus

IN: posterior surface tibia superior to soleal line

INN: tibial nerve

A: unlocks knee, flexes knee

61
Q

ABductor hallucis

A

O: medial tubercle calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis

IN: medial aspect base of proximal phalanx digit 1

INN: medial plantar nerve

A: ABduct digit 1
assista with flexion digit 1

62
Q

ABductor digiti minimi

A

O: medial/lateral tubercles of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis

IN: lateral aspect base of proximal phalanx digit 5

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: ABduct digit 5
helps flex digit 5

63
Q

flexor digitorum brevis

A

O: medial tubercle calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis

IN: both sides middle phalanges lateral 4 digits

INN: median plantar nerve

A: flexes digits 2-5

64
Q

quadratus plantae

A

A: medial/lateral aspect plantar surface calcaneus

IN: tendons of FDL

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: flexes digits 2-5 with FDL

65
Q

lumbricals

A

O: tendons of FDL

IN: medial aspect extensor expansions digits 2-5

INN: L1 - medial plantar nerve
L2-L4 - lateral plantar nerve

A: flex MTP, extend IP

L1 - unipennate
L2-L4 - bipennate

66
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

O: base of 5th metatarsal

IN: base proximal phalanx 5th digit

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: flexes digit 5

67
Q

flexor hallucis brevis

A

O: plantar surface cuboid, lateral cuneiform

IN: both sides bases proximal phalanx digit 1

INN: medial plantar nerve

A: flexes proximal phalanx digit 1

68
Q

ADDuctor hallucis

A

O: oblique head, bases metatarsals 2-4, transverse head, ligaments of MTP

IN: tendons of both heads attach to lateral side base of proximal phalanx digit 1

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: ADDucts digit 1

69
Q

DABS

A

O: adjacent sides metatarsals 1-5

IN: D1 - medial side proximal phalanx digit 2
D2-D4 - lateral sides digits 2-4

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: ABducts digits
flex MTP

70
Q

PADS

A

O: medial sides metatarsals 3-5

IN: medial side bases proximal phalanges 3-5

INN: lateral plantar nerve

A: ADDucts digits
flex MTP

71
Q

rectus abdominis

A

O: ribs 5, 6, 7

IN: pubic tubercle

INN: ventral rami T8/9-T10/11

A: trunk flexion

72
Q

external abdominal oblique

A

O: lower 8 ribs

IN: ASIS, pubic tubercle via inguinal ligament (interdigitate with serratus anterior)

INN: ventral rami T8/9-T10/11

A: contra trunk rotation

73
Q

internal oblique

A

O: inguinal ligament

IN: linea alba, lower 4-5 ribs

INN: ventral rami T8/9-T10/11

A: ipsi trunk rotation

74
Q

transverse abdominis

A

O: deepest layers thoracolumbar fascia

INN: ventral rami T8/9-T10/11

A: compress & support abdominal viscera

Anatomy (2 decks)

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