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Muscles Of Head And Neck > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Cervical muscles

Trapezius muscle

A

Origin- occipital bone, cervical and thoracic regions
Insertion- clavicle and scapula
Action- lift the clavicle and scapula- when shoulder shrug
Innervation- 11thCN/ accessory, 3rd and 4th cervical nerve

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1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin- clavicle and sternum
Insertion- mastoid process of temporal bone
Action- one: head and neck bends to the same side. Face and neck rotate to opposite side. Both- head will flex
Innervation- 11th/ accessory nerve

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2
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Epicranial

A 
Origin: FB-Epicranial aponeurosis
OB-occipital and temporal bones 
Insertion: FB- eyebrow and root of nose
OB- Epicranial aponeurosis 
Action- surprise, raise eyebrows
Innervation: 7thCN/facial
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3
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Origin: orbital rim, frontal&maxillary bones
Insertion- lateral region of the eye, some encircle eye
Action- closing eyelid
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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4
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Corrugator Supercilii

A

Origin- frontal bone
Insertion- eyebrow
Action- frowning
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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5
Q

Muscles of facial expression

orbicularis oris

A

Origin- encircle mouth
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action- closing or pursing lips-grimacing and pouting
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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6
Q

Muscles of facial expression Buccinator

A

Origin- max, mand & pterygomandibular raphe
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action- chewing
Innervation-7thCN/facial

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7
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Risorius

A

Origin- fascia superficial to the master muscle
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action- stretching lips
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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8
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Levator Labii Superioris

A

Origin- maxilla
Insertion- upper lip
Action- raising upper lip
Innervation- 7th cranial nerve/facial

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9
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Levator Labii Suoerioris Alaeque Nasi

A

Origin- maxilla
Insertion- aka of nose and upper lip
Action- raising upper lip and dilating nostrils in a sneer
Innervation-7thCN/facial

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10
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Zygomaticus Major

A

Origin- zygomatic bone
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action- smiling
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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11
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Zygomaticus Minor

A

Origin- zygomatic bone
Insertion- upper lip
Action- raising upper lip
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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12
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Levator Anguli Oris

A

Origin- maxilla
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action- smiling
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

(Between zygomaticus major and minor)

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13
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Depressor Anguli Oris

A

Origin-mandible
Insertion- angle of the mouth
Action-frowning
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

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14
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Depressor Labii Inferioris

A

Origin- mandible
Insertion- lower lip
Action- lowering lower lip
Innervation- 7thCN/facial

(Under depressor Anguli Oris)

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15
Q

Muscles of facial expression

Mentalis

A

Origin -mandible
insertion- chin
action- raising chin and protruding lower lip
innervation- 7th cranial nerve/facial

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16
Q

Muscles of facial expression

platysma muscle

A

Origin -clavicle and shoulder
insertion -mandible and muscles of the mouth
action-grimacing
innervation- 7th cranial nerve/facial

17
Q

Muscles of mastication

masseter

A

Origin- SH: anterior 2/3 of lower border of zygomatic arch
DH: posterior 1/3 & medial surface of zygomatic arch
Insertion- SH: angle of mandible
DH: Ramos of mandible
Action- elevation of mandible during jaw closing
Innervation- mandibular division of the 5th CN/trigeminal

18
Q

Muscles of mastication

Temporalis muscle

A

Origin- temporal fossa
Insertion- cottonwood process of mandible
Action- elevation of mandible during jaw closing. Retraction of mandible lower jaw backward.
Innervation- mandibular division of the 5thCN/trigeminal

19
Q

Muscles of mastication

Medial pterygoid muscle

A

Origin- SH: Pyramidal process of palatine bone & maxillary tuberosity
DH: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Insertion- medial surface of Ramos and angle of mandible
Action- elevation of mandible during jaw closing
Innervation- mandibular division of the 5thCN/ trigeminal

20
Q

Muscles of mastication

Lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Origin- SH: greater wing of sphenoid bone IH: lateral pterygoid plate from sphenoid bone
Insertion- SH: pterygoid fovea of mandible
IH: tempomandibular joint disc and capsule
Action- IH: slight depression of mandible
One muscle- lateral division of mand
Both muscles- protrusion of mand
Innervation- mandibular division of the 5thCN/ trigeminal

21
Q

Hyoid muscles- suprahyoid

Digastric

A

Origin- AB: intermediate tendon.
PB: mastoid notch of Temporal bone
Insertion- AB: medial surface of mandible
PB: intermediate tendon
Action- elevates the hyoid bone and depress the mandible
Innervation- AB: mylohyoid nerve (branch of 5thCN/trigeminal)
PB: posterior digastric nerve (branch of the 7thCN/facial)

22
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

Mylohyoid

A

Origin: mylohyoid like of the mandible
Insertion- body of hyoid bone
Action- elevates the hyoid bone, depresses the mandible, and forms the floor of the mouth- helps elevate the tongue.
Innervation- mylohyoid nerve a branch of the mandibular division of the 5thCN/trigeminal

23
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

Stylohyoid

A

Origin- styloid process of Temporal bone
Insertion- body of hyoid bone
Action- elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible
Innervation- stylohyoid nerve ( branch of the 7thCN/facial)

24
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

Geniohyoid

A

Origin- genial tubercles of mandible
Insertion- body of hyoid bone
Action- elevates the hyoid bone and depress the mandible
Innervation- 1st cervical nerve, conducted by way of the 12thCN/hypoglossal

25
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

Sternothyroid

A

Origin- posterior surface of Sternum
Insertion- thyroid Cartliage
Action- depress the thyroid Cartilage and larynx
Innervation- 2nd & 3rd cervical nerves

26
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

Sternohyoid

A

Origin- posterior and superior surfaces of sternum
Insertion- body of hyoid bone
Action-depress the hyoid bone
Innervation-2nd&3rd cervical nerves

27
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

Omohyoid

A 
Origin- IB: scapula
SB: inferior belly
Insertion- IB: superior belly
SB: body of hyoid bone
Action- depress the mandible
Innervation- 2nd&3rd cervical nerves
28
Q

Muscles of the tongue

Superior longitudinal

A

Origin and insertion- runs in an oblique and longitudinal direction in the dorsal surface from the base to the apex
Action- changes shape of tongue/ retracts tongue

29
Q

Intrinsic tongue muscles

Transverse

A

Origin and insertion- runs in a transverse direction from the median septum to pass outward toward the lateral surface of the tongue
Action- makes the tongue long and narrow

30
Q

Intrinsic tongue muscles

Vertical

A

Origin and insertion- runs in a vertical direction from the dorsal surface inward to the ventral surface in the body of the tongue
Action- makes the tongue long and narrow

31
Q

Intrinsic tongue muscle

Inferior longitudinal

A

Origin and insertion- runs in a longitudinal direction from the base to the apex of the tongue
Action- changes the shape of the tongue

32
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscles

Genioglossus

A

Origin- genial tubercles on mandible
Insertion- hyoid bone and tongue
Action- protrudes tongue and depresses portions

33
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscle

Styloglossus

A

Origin- styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion- tongue
Action- retracts tongue

34
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscles

Hyoglossus

A

Origin- greater Cornu and body if hyoid bone
Insertion- tongue
Action- depresses tongue

35
Q

Muscles of the pharynx

Stylopharyngeus

A

Origin- styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion- lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls
Action- elevates and widens the pharynx
Innervation- 9thCN/ glossopharyngeal

36
Q

Muscles of the pharynx

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles

A

Origin- superior: pterygoid hamulus, mandible and pterygomandibular raphe
Middle- hyoid bone and stylohyoid ligament
Inferior- thyroid and cricoid cartilages of the larynx
Insertion- median pharyngeal raphe
Action- raise the pharynx and larynx, drive food into the esophagus during swallowing
Innervation- pharyngeal plexus

37
Q

Muscles of the soft palate

Palatoglossus (anterior faucial pillar)

A

Origin- median palatine raphe
Insertion- tongue
Action- elevates and arches tongue, depressing soft palate toward tongue
Innervation- pharyngeal plexus

38
Q

Muscles of the soft palate

Palatopharyngeus (posterior faucial pillar)

A

Origin- soft palate
Insertion- laryngopharynx and the thyroid cartilage
Action- moves palate posteroinferiorly and posterior Pharyngeal wall anterosuperiorly (closes off nasopharynx during swallowing)
Innervation- pharyngeal plexus

39
Q

Muscles of the soft palate

Elevator veli palatini

A

Origin- temporal bone
Insertion- median palatine raphe
Action- raises soft palate to contact the posterior pharyngeal wall
Innervation- pharyngeal plexus

40
Q

Muscles of the soft palate

Tensor veli palatini

A

Origin- auditory tube and sphenoid bone
Insertion- median palatine raphe
Action- tenses and slightly lowers soft palate
Innervation- mandibular division of the 5th CN/trigeminal

41
Q

Muscle of the uvula

A

Origin and insertion- lies with the uvula on the soft palate
Action- shortens and broadens the uvula, soft palate closely adapts to the posterior pharyngeal wall
Innervation- pharyngeal plexus

Muscles Of Head And Neck (1 decks)

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