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Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Pectoralis Major
Nerve
Action

A

Lateral and Medial Pectoral Nerves; Clavicular Head: C5, C6; Sternocostal Head: C7, C8, T1
Adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly
Alone: clavicular head flexes humerus; sternocostal: extends it from the flexed position

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1
Q

Pectoralis Major
Origin
Insertion
Parts

A

O: Clavicular Head: Anterior Surface of Medial half of clavicle, Sternocostal Head: Anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
Inserts: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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2
Q

Pectoralis Minor
Origin
Insertion

A

O: 3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages
I: Medial Border and Superior Surface of coracoid process of scapula

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3
Q

Pectoralis Minor
Nerve
Action

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve (C8, T1)

Stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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4
Q

Subclavius
Origin
Insertion

A

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

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5
Q

Subclavius
Nerve
action

A

Subclavian Nerve (C5, C6)

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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6
Q

Serratus Anterior
Origin
Insertion

A

External Surace of lateral parts of 1-8 ribs

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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7
Q

Serratus Anterior
Nerve
Action

A

Long Thoracic Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall; rotates scapula

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8
Q

Trapezius
Origin
Insertion

A

medial third of superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T12

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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9
Q

Trapezius
Nerve
action

A

Spinal Accessory (CN XI), C3 C4

Elevation, depression and retraction

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10
Q

Latissimus Dorsi
Origin
Insertion

A

spinous process inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, inferior 3 or 4 ribs

floor of Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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11
Q

Latissmus Doris
Nerve
action

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6, C7, C8= Keep the lats great)

extends, adducts, medially rotates

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae
Origin
Insertion

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C1-C4

medial border of scapula superior to the root of the spine

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13
Q

Levator Scapulae
Nerve
Action

A

Dorsal Scapular (C5) and Cervical (C3, C4)

elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

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14
Q

Rhomboid Minor
Origin
Insertion

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous process C7 T1 vertebrae

root of the spine of the scapula

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15
Q

Rhomboid Minor
Nerve
action

A

Dorsal Scapular (C4, C5)

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major
Origin
Insertion

A

Spinous process T2- T5

Inferior to the root of the spine of the scapula

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17
Q

Rhomboid Major
Nerve
Action

A

Dorsal Scapular (C4, C5)

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid caivty fix scapula to thoracic wall

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18
Q

Deltoid
Origin
insertion

A

lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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19
Q

Deltoid
nerve
action

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Clavicular: flex, medial rotation
Aromion: abducts
Spinal: extends laterally rotates

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20
Q

Supraspinatus
origin
insertion

A

Suprspinous Fossa of Scapula

Superior Facet of Greater Tubercle of Humerus

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21
Q

Supraspinatus
nerve
action

A

Suprascapular Nerve (C4,C5, C6)

initiates and assists deltoid in abduction acts with other rotator cuff muscles

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22
Q

Infraspinatus
origin
insertion

A

Infraspinous Fossa of Scapula

Middle Facet of Greater Tubercle of Humerus

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23
Q

Infraspinatus
nerve
action

A

Suprascapular (C4, C5, C6)

laterally rotates arm, help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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24
Q

Teres Minior
origin
insertion

A

Middle Part of Lateral Border of Scapula

Inferior Facet of Greater Tubercle of Humerus

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25
Q

Teres Minor
Nerve
Action

A

Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)

laterally rotates arm, help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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26
Q

Teres Major
Origin
Insertion

A

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Medial tip of Intertubercular Groove of humerus

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27
Q

Teres Major
nerve
action

A

Lower Subscapular Nerve (C5, C6)

Adducts and medially rotates arm

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28
Q

Subscapularis
Origin
Insertion

A

Subscapular Fossa (most anterior surface of scapula)

Lesser Tubercle of humerus

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29
Q

Subscapularis
nerve
action

A

Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Medially roates and adducts arm, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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30
Q

Biceps Brachii
origin
insertion
parts

A

Short: tip of coracoid process of scapula
Long: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

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31
Q

Biceps Brachii
Nerve
action

A

Musculocutaneous (C5, C6)

Supinates forearm, flexes forearm, flexes arm, resists dislocation of shoulder

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32
Q

Brachialis
origin
insertion

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

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33
Q

Brachialis
nerve
action

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6)

flexes forearm in all positions

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34
Q

Coracobrachialis
origin
insertion

A

tip of coracoid process of scapula

middle third of medial surface of humerus

35
Q

Coracobrachialis

nerve
action

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

helps flex and adduct arm, resist dislocation

36
Q

Triceps Brachii
origin
head

A

Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial Head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

37
Q

Triceps Brachii
insertion
nerve

A

proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8)

38
Q

Triceps Brachii

action

A

Chief extensor of forearm, Long had extends arm and resists dislocation of humerus

39
Q

Anconeus
origin
insertion

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

40
Q

Anconeus
nerve
action

A

Radial Nerve (C7, C8, T1)

assists tricep in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation

41
Q

Superficial (first) layer of Anterior Compartment of Forearm

A

Pronator Teres (PT)
Flexor Capri Radialis (FCR)
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Unlaris (FCU): Humeral head, Ulnar Head

42
Q

Intermediate (second) layer of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)

43
Q

Deep (third) layer of anterior compartment of forearm

A

Flexor Digortum Profundus (FDP)
Flexor Policis Longus (FPL)
Pronator Quadratus

44
Q

Pronator Teres (PT)
origin
insertion

A

Ulnar Head: coronoid process of ulna
Humeral Head: medial epicondyle of humerus

Middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius

45
Q

Pronator Teres
Nerve
Action

A

Median Nerve (C6, C7)

Pronates and Flexes forearm

46
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
origin
insertion

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

base of 2nd (3rd) metacarpal

47
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)

nerve
action

A

Median Nerve (C6, C7)

flexes and abducts hand

48
Q

Palmaris Longus
origin
insertion

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

distal half of flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis

49
Q

Palmaris Longus

nerve
action

A

Median Nerve (C7, C8)

flexes hand and tenses palmar aponeurosis

50
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)
origin
insertion

A

Olecranon and posterior border

Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

51
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)
nerve
action

A

Ulnar Nerve (C7, C8)

Flexes and ADucts hand

52
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)
origin
insertion

A

Humero-Ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Radial Head: oblique line of radius

shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

53
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)
nerve
action

A

Median Nerve (C7, C8, T1)

flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of middle 4 digits, acting more strongly: flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints

54
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)
origin
insertion

A

proximal three quarters of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

bases of distal phalanges of 2, 3,4 and 5 digits

55
Q

Flexor Digtorum Profundus (FDP)
nerve
action

A

Lateral part: Median Nerve (C8, T1)
Medial Part: Ulnar Nerve (C8, T1)

flexes distal and interphalangeal joints of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5; assist with wrist flexion

56
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL)
origin
insertion

A

anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

base of distal phalanx of thumb

57
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL)
nerve
action

A

Anterior interosseous nerve from Median Nerve (C8, T1)

flexes phalanges of 1st digit

58
Q

Pronator Quadratus
origin
insertion

A

Distal Quarter of anterior surface of ulna

distal quarter of anterior surface of radius

59
Q

Pronator Quadratus

nerve
action

A

Anterior Interosseous Nerve from Median Nerve (C8, T1)

pronates forearm, deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

60
Q

Superficial Layer of Posterior Muscle Compartment of Foream

A 
Brachioradialis 
Extensor Carpi Radialis: Longus, Brevis 
Extensor Digitorum 
Extensor Digiti Minimi 
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
61
Q

Deep Layer of Posterior Muscle Compartment of Forearm

62
Q

“Outcropping” Muscles of deep layer

A

ABductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Indicis

63
Q

Brachioradialis
Origin
insert

A

Proximal 2 thirds of lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

64
Q

Brachioradialis

nerve
action

A

Radial Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

relatively weak flexion of forearm, maximal when forearm is in midpronated position

65
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
origin
insert

A

lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

66
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

nerve
action

A

Radial Nerve (C6, C7)

Extend and ABduct hand at the wrist joint, extensor carpi radialis brevis active during fist clenching

67
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
origin
insertion

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metcarpal

68
Q

Extensor Carpi Radial Brevis

nerve
action

A

Deep Branch of Radial Nerve (C7, C8)

extend aBduct hand at the wrist joint; extensor carpi radialis brevis active during fist clenching

69
Q

Extensor Digitorum
origin
insert

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers

70
Q

Extensor Digitorum
nerve
action

A

Posterior Interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

extends medial 4 fingers primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints

71
Q

Extensor Digitorum Minimi
origin
insertion

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

extensor expansion of 5th finger

72
Q

Extensor Digitorum Minimi

nerve
action

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

extends 5th finger primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint

73
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

origin
insert

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna via a shared aponeurosis

dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

74
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
nerve
action

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

extends and ADducts hand at wrist joint

75
Q

Supinator
origin
insert

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and anular ligament; supinator fossa, crest of ulna

lateral posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius

76
Q

Supinator
nerve
action

A

Deep Branch of Radial Nerve (C7 C8)

supinates forearm, rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiroly

77
Q

ABductor Pollicis Longus

origin
insert

A

posterior surface of proximal havles of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane

base of 1st metacarpal

78
Q

ABductor Pollicis Longus

nerve
action

A

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (C7, C8)

abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint

79
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

origin
action

A

posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

80
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

nerve
action

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint, extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joint

81
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

origin
insert

A

posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane

dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

82
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

nerve
action

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalngeal joint; extends carpometacarpal joint

83
Q

Extensor Indicis

origin
insert

A

posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane

extensor expansion of 2nd finger (pointer finger)

84
Q

Extensor Indicis

nerve
action

A

posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

extends 2nd finger; helps extend hand at wrist

Upper Limb Muscles (3 decks)

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