Muscles

Question 1

cardiac muscles

Answer 1

heart muscles, involuntary contraction and relaxation
controlled by nerves of the autonomic nervous
striated

Question 2

myogenic

Answer 2

does not require impulse from the central nervous system to contract

Question 3

smooth muscles

Answer 3

found in the linning of many organs
involuntary
non-striated muscles

Question 4

skeletal muscles

Answer 4

muscles that are attached to bones by tendons
help you keep warm
voluntary control
striated
allows you to walk, jump, run, talk etc.

Question 5

skeletal muscles fiber

Answer 5

composed of many bundles called fiber
fibers inclosed with a membrane called sarcolemma

Question 6

myofilaments

Answer 6

within muscle fibers there are many myofilament bundles together
thin myo filament: composed of actin (light bands)
thick myofilament: composed of myosin

Question 7

muscle contractions- the sliding filament theory

Answer 7

1) a neurotransmitter is released from s nerve from the muscle, signalling contraction
2) the muscle cells sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium near the actin
3) calcium ions attach to the actin and tropomyosin moves off the myosin bonding site
4) myosin attaches to the actin forming the actin myosin cross bridge
5) the myosin head attaches and detaches from the actin over and over pulling the muscle fibers closer together

Question 8

slow twitch muscle fibers

Answer 8

smaller muscle fibers that contract slowly and resist fatigue because they are surrounded by more blood vessels and have more mitochondria

Question 9

fast twitch muscle fibers

Answer 9

larger muscle fibers that contract quickly to give more power, but fatigue quickly, more anaerobic respiration

Question 10

exercise complications

Answer 10

tetanus- constant muscle contraction
muscle spasms- involuntary contraction
atrophy- reduction in muscle due to decreased stimulation
hypertrophy- exercise induced increase in muscle mass from increased muscle fibers