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med sci > muscles > Flashcards

muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is Adduction?

A

An action that returns a limb to the side of the body.

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2
Q

What is Abduction?

A

An action that moves a limb laterally away from the body.

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3
Q

What is Flexion?

A

An action that moves a surface toward a ventral surface.

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4
Q

What is Extension?

A

An action that moves a dorsal surface away from the ventral surface.

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5
Q

What is Hyperextension?

A

An action that moves a joint beyond its normal range.

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6
Q

What is Circumduction?

A

A motion that makes circles rather than twisting.

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7
Q

What is Internal Rotation?

A

A motion of the shoulder or hip that causes a limb to rotate toward the body.

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8
Q

What is External Rotation?

A

A body movement that rotates a limb away from the body’s center.

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9
Q

What is Supination?

A

A motion that rotates the hand so that the palm faces forward or upward.

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10
Q

What is Pronation?

A

A reversal of position, order, form, or relationship.

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11
Q

What is Inversion?

A

The act of turning inside out or rotated inward.

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12
Q

What is Eversion?

A

A motion that rotates outward away from the sole.

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13
Q

What is Plantar Flexion?

A

Flexion of the foot in an downward direction.

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14
Q

What is Dorsiflexion?

A

Flexion of the foot in a upward direction.

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15
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

Derived from the Greek word ‘mys’ meaning muscle.

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16
Q

Extensibility

A

Capable of being extended (stretched)

Refers to the ability of muscle fibers to stretch.

17
Q

Myocyte

A

A muscle cell

The basic unit of muscle tissue.

18
Q

Striated

A

Arranged in a striped pattern

Refers to skeletal and cardiac muscle appearance.

19
Q

Origin

A

The more fixed, central part of a muscle

The attachment point that does not move during contraction.

20
Q

Insertion

A

The part of a muscle that can be moved

The attachment point that moves during contraction.

21
Q

Tendon

A

The tough, fibrous tissue that connects your muscles to your bones

Tendons transmit the force generated by muscles to bones.

22
Q

Fascia

A

A sheet of connective tissue covering/binding together body structures

Provides support and structure to muscles and organs.

23
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue

Often occurs due to disuse or disease.

24
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Excessive development of an organ or part

Commonly refers to muscle growth from resistance training.

25
Q

ROM

A

Range of motion

Refers to the extent of movement in a joint.

26
Q

RICE

A

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

A common treatment protocol for acute injuries.

27
Q

IM

A

Within or into muscle

Often refers to intramuscular injections.

28
Q

Goniometry

A

An instrument for measuring angles

Used to assess joint range of motion.

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