Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sacroplasm?

A

Cytoplasm of the muscle, contains large amounts of glycogen

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2
Q

What protein in the sarcoplasm stores oxygen?

A

Myoglobin —> iron containing protein, high affinity for oxygen

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3
Q

What storage carbohydrate is stored in the sarcoplasm? What other organ in the body stores this compound?

A

Glycogen; the Liver stores it

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4
Q

What are myofibrils?

A

Contain protein filaments that are responsible for muscle contractile ability —> proteins include: actin, myosin, titin, and others

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5
Q

What is the sarcolemma?

A

The plasma membrane of the muscle cell —> regulates ion exchange across cell

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6
Q

What role do T-tubules serve?

A

They are invaginations of the sarcolemma that penetrate into the muscle fiber to help actions potentials reach the entirety of the muscle fiber

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7
Q

What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Stores calcium ions (critical for muscle contraction); action potentials that propagate along the sarcolemma will result in the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

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8
Q

What are Sarcomeres?

A

Fundamental contractile unit of a muscle fiber

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9
Q

What’s the Z-disk or Z-line?

A

Muscle fibers are made up of actin and Z disks are overlapping ends of actin filaments from adjacent sarcomeres

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10
Q

What are the thin filaments of the sarcomere?

A

I band

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11
Q

What are the thick filaments of the sacromere?

A

A bind

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12
Q

What proteins is wrapped around the thin filaments and blocks binding sites?

A

Tropomyosin; prevents contraction

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13
Q

What proteins, when bounded by calcium, moves this protein off of the binding sites?

A

Troponin when bounded by calcium undergoes a conformational change and moves tropomyosin off the myosin binding site

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14
Q

What protein connects to Z disks to M bands?

A

Titin

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15
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue; which two are striated?

A

Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal; skeletal and cardiac

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16
Q

What’s the M-line?

A

Maintains structural integrity of the entire sarcomere