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Anatomy IV > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

gluteus maximas origin

A

gluteus medius fascia, ilium behind posterior gluteal line, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, fascia of erector spinae

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2
Q

gluteus maximas insertion

A

gluteal tuberosity of the femur and the iliotibial tract

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3
Q

gluteus maximas innervation

A

inferior gluteal (L5, S1,S2)

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4
Q

gluteus maximas action

A

extension and lateral rotation of the thigh; helps stabilize the knee by pulling on the ilitoibial tract

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5
Q

Obturator internus origin

A

Internal surface of obturator membrane and the superior pubic and inferior ischiopubic rami

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6
Q

Obturator internus insertion

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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7
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

n. to the obturator internus (L5, S1)

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8
Q

Obturator internus action

A

Laterally rotate femur

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9
Q

piriformis origin

A

Pelvic (anterior) surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

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10
Q

piriformis insertion

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

piriformis innervation

A

Ventral rami (L5, S1, S2)

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12
Q

piriformis action

A

Laterally rotate femur

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13
Q

Puborectalis origin

A

Pubis (just lateral to the pubic symphysis)

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14
Q

Puborectalis insertion

A

Wraps around rectum posteriorly and fuses with partner muscle

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15
Q

Puborectalis innervation

A

S2-S4

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16
Q

Puborectalis action

A

Maintains 80° flexure at anorectal junction; Maintains fecal continence; think strap muscle located inferior to pubococcygeus muscle, paired

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17
Q

Pubbococcygeus origin

A

Suspended off anterior half of tendinous arch

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18
Q

Pubbococcygeus insertion

A

R and L fuse at midline superior surface of anococcygeal ligament (forms median raphe)

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19
Q

Pubbococcygeus innervation

A

S2-4

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20
Q

Pubbococcygeus action

A

forms lateral margin of urogenital hiatus, paired

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21
Q

Iliococcygeus origin

A

posterior half of the tendinous arch and ischial spine

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22
Q

Iliococcygeus insertion

A

posterior portion of anococcygeal ligament and tip of the coccyx

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23
Q

illiococygeus innervation

A

S2-4

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24
Q

Coccygeus origin

A

ischial spine

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25
Q

Coccygeus insertion

A

coccyx, lateral margin of sacrum at S5 level, anterior surface of sacrospinous ligament

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26
Q

Coccygeus innervation

A

ventral rami S4 S5

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27
Q

Gluteus medius origin

A

ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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28
Q

Gluteus medius insertion

A

greater trochanter

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29
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerves

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30
Q

Gluteus medius action

A

abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, prevention of pelvic drop on opposite side when fermur is fixed

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31
Q

Gluteus minimus origin

A

Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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32
Q

Gluteus minimus insertion

A

Greater trochanter

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33
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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34
Q

Gluteus minimus action

A

Acts with gluteus medius

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35
Q

Superior gemellus origin

A

ischial spine

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36
Q

Superior gemellus insertion

A

greater trochanter by joining obturator internus tendon

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37
Q

Superior gemellus innervation

A

N to obturator internus

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38
Q

Superior gemellus action

A

laterally rotates the thigh

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39
Q

Inferior gemellus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

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40
Q

Inferior gemellus insertion

A

greater trochanter by joining obturator internus tendon

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41
Q

Inferior gemellus innervation

A

N to quadratus femoris

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42
Q

Inferior gemellus action

A

laterally rotates the thigh

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43
Q

obturator externus origin

A

External surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone

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44
Q

obturator externus insertion

A

trochanteric fossa

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45
Q

obturator externus innervation

A

obturator nerve

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46
Q

obturator externus action

A

laterally rotate thigh

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47
Q

tensor fascia lata origin

A

ASIS

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48
Q

tensor fascia lata insertion

A

iliotibial tract

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49
Q

tensor fascia lata innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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50
Q

tensor fascia lata action

A

Aids in abduction and flexion of thigh, stabilizes knee in extension through iliotibial tract

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51
Q

semitendinosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

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52
Q

semitendinosus insertion

A

Medial proximal tibia as part of pes anserinus

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53
Q

semitendinosus innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic

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54
Q

semitendinosus action

A

Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

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55
Q

semimembranosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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56
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

Medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle. Part of tendon forms the oblique popliteal ligament

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57
Q

semimembranosus innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

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58
Q

semimembranosus action

A

Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

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59
Q

biceps femoris origin

A

Long head from ischial tuberosity

Short head from lateral lip of linea aspera

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60
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

Head of fibula

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61
Q

biceps femoris innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic (long head)

Common fibular division of sciatic (short head)

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62
Q

biceps femoris action

A

Long head extends thigh, both flex and laterally rotate leg

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63
Q

psoas major origin

A

Lumbar vertebral bodies and transverse processes and IV discs

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64
Q

psoas major insertion

A

lesser trochanter

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65
Q

psoas major innervation

A

L1-3 ventral rami

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66
Q

psoas major action

A

flex thigh

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67
Q

iliacus origin

A

iliac fossa

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68
Q

iliacus insertion

A

lesser trochanter

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69
Q

iliacus innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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70
Q

iliacus action

A

flex thigh

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71
Q

psoas minor origin

A

Bodies of T12 and L1 and disc between

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72
Q

psoas minor insertion

A

Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence

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73
Q

psoas minor innervation

A

L1

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74
Q

psoas minor action

A

weak trunk flexion

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75
Q

sartorius origin

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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76
Q

sartorius insertion

A

Anterior medial tibia as part of pes anserinus

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77
Q

sartorius innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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78
Q

sartorius action

A

Flexes and abducts thigh, flexes the leg

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79
Q

Rectus femoris origin

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium just above the acetabulum

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80
Q

Rectus femoris insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

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81
Q

Rectus femoris innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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82
Q

Rectus femoris action

A

Flexes thigh and extends leg

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83
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

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84
Q

Vastus lateralis insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

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85
Q

Vastus lateralis innervation

A

Femoral nerve

86
Q

Vastus lateralis action

A

Extends leg

87
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

88
Q

Vastus medialis insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

89
Q

Vastus medialis innervation

A

Femoral nerve

90
Q

Vastus medialis action

A

Extends leg

91
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

92
Q

Vastus intermedius insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

93
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

Femoral nerve

94
Q

Vastus intermedius action

A

Extends leg

95
Q

pectineus origin

A

Pectineal line of pubis

96
Q

pectineus insertion

A

Pectineal line of femur, just below lesser trochanter

97
Q

pectineus innervation

A

Femoral nerve

98
Q

pectineus origin action

A

Flexes and adducts the thigh

99
Q

adductor longus origin

A

Pubis inferior to pubic crest

100
Q

adductor longus insertion

A

Middle portion of linea aspera

101
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

102
Q

adductor longus action

A

Adducts thigh

103
Q

adductor brevis origin

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

104
Q

adductor brevis insertion

A

Proximal posterior femur and upper linea aspera

105
Q

adductor brevis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

106
Q

adductor brevis action

A

Adducts thigh

107
Q

adductor magnus origin

A

Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity (hamstring part)

108
Q

adductor magnus insertion

A

Linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle (hamstring part)

109
Q

adductor magnus innervation

A

Obturator nerve and tibial division of sciatic (hamstring part)

110
Q

adductor magnus action

A

Adducts thigh, hamstring part extends thigh

111
Q

gracilis origin

A

Pubic ramus

112
Q

gracilis insertion

A

Anterior medial tibia as part of pes anserinus

113
Q

gracilis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

114
Q

gracilis action

A

Adducts thigh and flexes leg

115
Q

Gastrocnemius origin

A

Lateral head from lateral condyle, medial head from femur just above the medial condyle

116
Q

Gastrocnemius insertion

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

117
Q

Gastrocnemius innervation

A

Tibial nerve

118
Q

Gastrocnemius action

A

Plantarflexes foot and flexes leg

119
Q

Soleus origin

A

Soleal line and medial tibia, head of fibula, with tendinous arch between

120
Q

Soleus insertion

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

121
Q

Soleus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

122
Q

Soleus action

A

Plantarflexes foot

123
Q

Plantaris origin

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament

124
Q

Plantaris insertion

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

125
Q

Plantaris innervation

A

Tibial nerve

126
Q

Plantaris action

A

Weak plantarflexion of foot

127
Q

Popliteus origin

A

Tibia above soleal line

128
Q

Popliteus insertion

A

Lateral femoral condyle

129
Q

Popliteus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

130
Q

Popliteus action

A

Laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia to unlock knee, weak flexion at knee

131
Q

Tibialis Posterior origin

A

Posterior interosseous membrane, tibia and fibula

132
Q

Tibialis Posterior insertion

A

Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, metatarsals 2-4

133
Q

Tibialis Posterior innervation

A

Tibial nerve

134
Q

Tibialis Posterior action

A

Principal invertor of foot, also plantarflexes. Supports medial arch of foot

135
Q

Flexor digitorum longus origin

A

Posterior medial tibia

136
Q

Flexor digitorum longus insertion

A

Plantar surface of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

137
Q

Flexor digitorum longus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

138
Q

Flexor digitorum longus action

A

Flexes lateral four toes

139
Q

Flexor hallucis longus origin

A

Posterior fibula and interosseous membrane

140
Q

Flexor hallucis longus insertion

A

Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe. Tendon passes through a groove under sustentaculum tali

141
Q

Flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

142
Q

Flexor hallucis longus action

A

Flexes great toe

143
Q

Flibularis longus origin

A

Upper lateral fibula

144
Q

Flibularis longus insertion

A

Plantar side of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal

145
Q

Flibularis longus innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

146
Q

Flibularis longus action

A

Eversion of foot, weak plantarflexion, supports arches;

*** tendon crosses the sole of the foot to insert on the medial side. Thus it helps act as a stirrup to help support the arches of thet, along with tibialis anterior and posterior

147
Q

Flibularis brevis origin

A

Lower 2/3 of lateral fibula

148
Q

Flibularis brevis insertion

A

Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

149
Q

Flibularis brevis innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

150
Q

Flibularis brevis action

A

Eversion of foot

151
Q

Tibialis anterior origin

A

Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane

152
Q

Tibialis anterior insertion

A

Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

153
Q

Tibialis anterior innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

154
Q

Tibialis anterior action

A

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot, stabilize medial arch of foot

155
Q

Extensor digitorum longus origin

A

Medial fibula

156
Q

Extensor digitorum longus insertion

A

Distal and middle phalanges of later 4 toes via extensor expansions

157
Q

Extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

158
Q

Extensor digitorum longus action

A

Dorsiflexes foot and extends lateral 4 toes, especially at tarsometatarsal joint

159
Q

Extensor hallucis longus origin

A

Medial fibula and interosseous membrane

160
Q

Extensor hallucis longus insertion

A

Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe

161
Q

Extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

162
Q

Extensor hallucis longus action

A

Extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot

163
Q

Fibularis tertius origin

A

Distal medial fibula

164
Q

Fibularis tertius insertion

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

165
Q

Fibularis tertius innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

166
Q

Fibularis tertius action

A

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

167
Q

Extensor digitorium brevis origin

A

Superior, lateral calcaneus

168
Q

Extensor digitorium brevis insertion

A

Proximal phalanx of great toe and EDL tendons of toes 2-4

169
Q

Extensor digitorium brevis innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

170
Q

Extensor digitorium brevis action

A

Helps extend the toes

171
Q

1st layer of the plantar foot

A

abductor hallicis, flexor digitorum bevis, adbuctor digiti minimi

172
Q

Adbuctor hallucis origin

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

173
Q

Adbuctor hallucis insertion

A

Medial base of proximal phalanx of great toe

174
Q

Adbuctor hallucis innervation

A

Medial plantar nerve

175
Q

Adbuctor hallucis action

A

Abducts great toe

176
Q

Abductor digiti minimi origin

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

177
Q

Abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

Lateral base of proximal phalanx of little toe

178
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

179
Q

Abductor digiti minimi action

A

Abducts little toe

180
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis origin

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

181
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis insertion

A

Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

182
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis innervation

A

Medial plantar nerve

183
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis action

A

Flexes 4 lateral toes at proximal IP joints

184
Q

Quadratus plantae origin

A

Medial and lateral calcaneus

185
Q

Quadratus plantae insertion

A

Lateral side of FDL tendon

186
Q

Quadratus plantae innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

187
Q

Quadratus plantae action

A

Assists FDL. When it contracts, it changes the angle of pull for the FDL for more effective toe flexion

188
Q

Lumbricals origin

A

FDL tendon

189
Q

Lumbricals insertion

A

Extensor expansions of toes 2-5

190
Q

Lumbricals innervation

A

1st by medial plantar, rest by lateral plantar nerve

191
Q

Lumbricals action

A

Flex MTP, extend IP joints

192
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis origin

A

Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

193
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis insertion

A

Lateral and medial sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

194
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis innervation

A

Medial plantar nerve

195
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis action

A

Flexes big toe at MTP joint

196
Q

Flexor digiti minimi origin

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

197
Q

Flexor digiti minimi insertion

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

198
Q

Flexor digiti minimi innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

199
Q

Flexor digiti minimi action

A

Flexes little toe at MTP joint

200
Q

Adductor hallicus origin

A

Transverse head from plantar ligaments of MTP joints; oblique head from bases of metatarsals 2-4

201
Q

Adductor hallicus insertion

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

202
Q

Adductor hallicus innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

203
Q

Adductor hallicus action

A

Adducts big toe

204
Q

Plantar interossei (3) origin

A

Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

205
Q

Plantar interossei (3) insertion

A

Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5

206
Q

Plantar interossei (3) innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

207
Q

Plantar interossei (3) action

A

Adducts toes, flex at MTP joints

208
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4) origin

A

Sides of adjacent metatarsals 1-5

209
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4) insertion

A

Sides of proximal phalanges of toes 2-4 and extensor expansions

210
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4) innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

211
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4) action

A

Abducts toes, flex MTP joints

Anatomy IV (4 decks)

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