Muscles

Question 1

Tendon of which muscles form the pes anserinus?

Answer 1

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus muscle

Question 2

What muscle groups are found around the femur?

Answer 2

Anterior part - extensor group
- Sartorius
- Quadriceps femoris
Posterior part - flexor group
- Biceps femoris
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
Medial part - Adductor group
- Pectineus
- Gracilis
- Adductor longus/brevis/magnus

Question 3

What forms the proximal border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 3

Inguinal ligament

Question 4

What forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

Sartorius muscle

Question 5

What forms the medial border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 5

Adductor longus

Question 6

Which muscles form the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

Pectineus
Iliopsoas
Adductor longus

Question 7

Name the parts of the retroinguinal space.

Answer 7

Lacuna vasorum
- Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein

Lacuna lympatics
- Lymphatic vessel

Lacuna musculonervosa
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
- Iliopsoas
- Femoral nerve

Question 8

Name the items passing through lacuna musculonervosa.

Answer 8

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Iliopsoas
Femoral nerve

Question 9

Name the structures that pass through lacuna vasorum.

Answer 9

Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
Femoral vein
Femoral artery

Question 10

List the items passing through lacuna lymphatica seu herniosa.

Answer 10

Rosenmüller’s lymph node

Question 11

Name the abdominal opening of the femoral canal.

Answer 11

Deep femoral ring

Question 12

Name the superficial opening of the femoral canal.

Answer 12

Saphenous hiatus

Question 13

List the items passing through the suprapiriform hiatus.

Answer 13

Superior gluteal artery
Superior gluteal vein
Superior gluteal nerve

Question 14

List the nerves passing through the infrapiriform hiatus.

Answer 14

Inferior gluteal nerve
Pudendal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 15

List the vessels passing through the infrapiriform hiatus.

Answer 15

Inferior gluteal artery and vein
Internal pudendal artery and vein

Question 16

Which muscles form the proximal border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 16

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Long head of biceps femoris

Question 17

Which muscles form the distal border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 17

Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lateral head of gastrocnemius
Plantaris

Question 18

List the internal hip muscles.

Answer 18

Iliopsoas
Piriformis
Obturator internus

Question 19

List the external muscles of the hip.

Answer 19

Gluteus maximus/medius/minumus
Obturator externus
Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Quadratus femoris
Tensor facia latae

Question 20

Name the muscle involved in the formation of the adductor hiatus.

Answer 20

Adductor magnus

Question 21

What is the crural chiasm?

Answer 21

Crossing point of the tendon of tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus.

Question 22

What is the plantar chiasm?

Answer 22

Crossing point of the tendon of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus.

Question 23

Name the muscles that form the medial plantar eminence.

Answer 23

Abductor hallucis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis

Question 24

Name the muscles that form the lateral plantar eminence.

Answer 24

Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 25

Which muscle group of the foot does the flexor digitorum brevis belong to?

Answer 25

Intermediate plantar eminence group

Question 26

Which muscle group of the foot do the lumbrical muscles belong to?

Answer 26

Intermediate plantar eminence group

Question 27

List the superficial flexors of the leg.

Answer 27

Triceps surae
Plantaris

Question 28

List the deep flexores of the leg.

Answer 28

Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Popliteus