Muscle Types/Classes and Levers Flashcards
First class lever is ________, ________, _________. Best for ___________
Resistance, axis, force. Balance
Second class level is _______, ________, ________. Best for ________
Axis, resistance, force. Torque
Third class lever is _______, ________, _________. Best for _________
Axis, force, resistance. Speed/Velocity.
Most muscles in the human body are _________
Third class levers.
Calculating the mechanical advantage is the ________ divided by the _______
Distance of force arm divided by distance of resistance arm
Bones attached to skin, long, cylindrical and multinucleated with obvious striations
Skeletal.
Walls of the heart. Branching chains of cells, uni or binucleate with striations
Cardiac
Unitary muscle in walls of hollow visceral organs. Single, uninucleate, no striations
Smooth
Smooth muscles are __________ activated. We do not have conscious control of them
Involuntarily
Smooth muscles have bulb-like nerve endings called ________. They look different from the nerve endings that innervate skeletal muscle
Varicosities
Smooth muscles get a little calcium from the _________ but most of the calcium comes from the ______ of the cell.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum, outside.
__________ has a much more elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum compared to ___________
Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle.
Smooth muscle has calcium bind to a protein called __________, which then activates myosin to bind to ______ causing a contraction.
Calmodulin, Actin.
Type 1 skeletal muscle also known as _________. Most aerobic / makes use of aerobic energy systems predominantly.
Slow oxidative. High resistance, high myoglobin, low force output, slow velocity
Type 2 skeletal muscle also known as ________
Fast oxidative glycolytic. Medium to high fatigue resistance, medium to high myoglobin, high force output, medium velocity
