Muscle Tissue And System and brain

Question 1

Where is the site that the myosin head attaches?

Answer 1

G actin

Question 2

What binds to active site at rest ?

Answer 2

Tropomyosin

Question 3

What are the subunits of Troponin?

Answer 3

1 binds to Tropomyosin
1 binds to g actin
1 binds to calcium

Question 4

Thick filament

Answer 4

Myosin

Question 5

How many myosin molecules are in a thick filament?

Answer 5

300

With head and tail subunits

Question 6

Sarcomere

Answer 6

Smallest functional unit of muscle fiber
End to end in myofibrils
Repeating units of dark A bands and light I bands

Question 7

What is an H zone ?

Answer 7

Lighter strips at midsection of A band

Question 8

Titin

Answer 8

Elastic protein filament
Extend from tips of myosin to attachment sites at z line
Keeps thick and thin filaments in proper alignment and AIDS restoring resting Sarcomere lane
Helps muscle fiber resist extreme stretching

Question 9

What is released into the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction during the second stage of excitation contraction coupling?

Answer 9

Ach

Question 10

Where does the action potential travel ?

Answer 10

Down axon of motor neuron to synaptic terminal

Question 11

Where is the only place in the Sarcomere does filaments over lap

Answer 11

A band

Question 12

Where on the Sarcomere do you find only myosin?

Answer 12

I band

Question 13

What does z line do?

Answer 13

Point where actin attach to one another

Question 14

What is the name of the protein that binds myosin to z line

Answer 14

Myosin

Question 15

What does acetylcholine do ?

Answer 15

Opens ion channels so sodium can enter potassium can exit.

Causing depolarization

Question 16

What structures carry the action potential inside muscle fiber?

Answer 16

T tubules and triggers the release of calcium from the sr

Question 17

What’s the term for the spot where the sr and t tubule meet p

Answer 17

Triad

Question 18

Thin filament

Answer 18

Actin
Contains an f actin strand
Composed of 2 rows of individual globular g actin molecules

Question 19

Which stimulation will cause the most tension?

Answer 19

Complete tetanus

Question 20

What is an example of very low muscle tone

Answer 20

Baby
Older person
Sedentary person

Question 21

Carrying a bag of groceries is an example of what kind of muscle contraction ?

Answer 21

Isometric

Question 22

What would be an example of an isotonic contraction?

Answer 22

Bicep curl (concentric)

Question 23

What type of

Energy system uses oxygen

Answer 23

Aerobic metabolism

Question 24

What is the second energy system the body uses

Answer 24

Creatine phosphate

Question 25

How many of the energy systems are anaerobic

Answer 25

3

Question 26

A decline in calcium binding you result in what?

Answer 26

Fatigue or lack of contraction

Question 27

Which type of muscle fiber uses aerobic metabolism

Answer 27

Type 1

Question 28

Which muscle fiber is bigger?

Answer 28

Type 2

Question 29

What are the types of muscle? Where are they ?

Answer 29

Cardiac- heart Smooth- digestive tract blood vessels Skeletal- everywhere else

Question 30

What are the functions of skeletal muscle ?

Answer 30

``` Movement Posture and position Support soft tissue Guard entrances and exits Heat Store nutrient ```

Question 31

Epimysium

Answer 31

Outer layer | Made of collagen fibers that connect to fascia

Question 32

Perimysium

Answer 32

Divide muscles into compartments Made of collagen and elastic fibers Contain blood vessels and nerves

Question 33

Endomysium

Answer 33

Surround muscle fibers | Contain capillaries, myosatalite cells and nerves

Question 34

Tendons

Answer 34

Made up of the connection of all layers | Attach muscle to bone

Question 35

Aponeurosis

Answer 35

Made up of all 3 layers | Attach muscle to bone as well as muscle to muscle

Question 36

Sarcolema

Answer 36

Cell membrane

Question 37

Sarcoplasm

Answer 37

Cytoplasm

Question 38

Transverse tubules

Answer 38

Form passageways through muscle fibers that allow the action potential to travel

Question 39

Myofibrils

Answer 39

Cylinder runs through fiber Surrounded by t tubules Bundles of actin and myosin Responsible for muscle contraction

Question 40

Characteristics of Actin

Answer 40

Thin filament Has active sites for myosin heads to grab on to At rest the active site is covered with Tropomyosin held in place Troponin

Question 41

Characteristics of Myosin

Answer 41

Thick filament | Had a hydrophobic and a hydraphilic head

Question 42

Characteristics of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 42

Specialized form of smooth ER | Forms tubular met work around fibril

Question 43

Cisternae

Answer 43

Expanded chamber of SR contain high concentrations of calcium

Question 44

Sarcomere

Answer 44

Smallest functional unit of muscle fiber | responsible for muscle contraction

Question 45

Explain the steps in the sliding filament theory

Answer 45

1. During contraction actin side toward center along myosin 2. Myosin head binds to active site to form cross bridge 3. After bridge is formed it pivots toward the center of the Sarcomere 4. Detaches and repeats

Question 46

What are the functions of the nervous system ?

Answer 46

Monitor the internal and external environment Integrated sensory info Coordinates voluntary and involuntary response

Question 47

What are the 2 anatomical divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 47

Central nervous system | Peripheral nervous system

Question 48

Central nervous system

Answer 48

Brain and spinal cord

Question 49

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 49

Communication with rest of body via afferent and efferent

Question 50

Afferent

Answer 50

Sensory info from CNS

Question 51

Efferent

Answer 51

Motor info from CNS to muscles and glands

Question 52

Axon hillock

Answer 52

Area where action potential begins

Question 53

Axon

Answer 53

Extension of a neuron that conducts action potential

Question 54

Cell body

Answer 54

Contains nucleus and organelles

Question 55

Synaptic terminals

Answer 55

Where neuron communicates with other cells

Question 56

Nucleus

Answer 56

Contains rna and dna for protein synthesis

Question 57

Nucleolus

Answer 57

Site of rna synthesis

Question 58

Dendrites

Answer 58

Receive incoming sensory signals from the other cells

Question 59

Collateral

Answer 59

Branch off of axon that will ultimately end in synaptic terminals

Question 60

Nissl bodies

Answer 60

Clusters of rough er and ribosomes account for color of grey matter

Question 61

What are the three structural classes of neurons ?

Answer 61

Multipolar Unipolar Bipolar

Question 62

Multipolar

Answer 62

Most common | Several dendrites and 1 axon

Question 63

Unipolar

Answer 63

Dendrites and axons not separated

Question 64

Bipolar

Answer 64

1 dendrite and 1 axon separated by cell body

Question 65

What are three functional classes of neurons ?

Answer 65

Sensory Motor Inter neurons