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HIT 140 - Medical Term > Muscle Terminology > Flashcards

Muscle Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Five Functions of Muscle

A
  1. Motion 2. Movement of body fluids 3. Regulation of body fluids 4. Body stability 5. Heat Production (85%)
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2
Q

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

A

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

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3
Q

Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

A

Attach to the bones of the skeleton, voluntary, striated (striped), Peripherally located nuclei

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4
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Visceral muscle, no striations, centrally located nuclei, involuntary (automatic)

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5
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

heart muscle, involuntary, striated and has intercalated disks

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6
Q

Trapezius

A

Trapezoid

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7
Q

rhomboideus

A

Thomboid

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8
Q

Deltoid

A

Delta shaped or triangular

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9
Q

Biceps

A

Two heads

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10
Q

Intercostal

A

Between the ribs

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11
Q

Pectoralis

A

Chest

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12
Q

Temporalis

A

Temporal bone

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13
Q

Zygomaticus

A

Zygmoatic bone (Cheek bone)

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14
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Sternum - origin, hyoid = insertion

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15
Q

Maximus

A

larger or largest

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16
Q

Minimus

A

smaller or smallest

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17
Q

Brevis

A

short

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18
Q

Longus

A

Long

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19
Q

Oblique

A

Diagonal

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20
Q

Rectus

A

Straight

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21
Q

Transverse

A

Across

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22
Q

Arthralgia

A

Pain in the joints

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23
Q

Atrophy

A

Wasting away

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24
Q

Contraction

A

Reduction in size

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25
Q

Contracture

A

abnormal bending of a joint in a fixed position

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26
Q

Fascia

A

Thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle

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27
Q

Tendon

A

CT (Connective tissue) attaches muscle to bone

28
Q

Ligament

A

Attaches bone to bone

29
Q

Insertion

A

Point of muscle attachment to a bone that moves

30
Q

Origin

A

Point of muscle attachment to a bone that’s less moveable

31
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial dislocation

32
Q

Sprain

A

tearing injury to ligament

33
Q

Strain

A

tearing injury to muscle

34
Q

Synovial fluid

A

thick, lubricating fluid in synovial joints

35
Q

Bursa

A

Sac that holds synovial fluid

36
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

37
Q

DIP

A

Distal interphalangeal joint

38
Q

PIP

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

39
Q

DTR

A

Deep tendon reflexes

40
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

41
Q

sed rate

A

sedimentation rate

42
Q

Flexion

A

Bending motion, decreases the angle between two joints

43
Q

Extension

A

Straightening motion, increases the angle between two joints

44
Q

Adduction

A

adding to the midline

45
Q

Abduction

A

moving away from the midline

46
Q

Supination

A

Turning the palm up or forward

47
Q

Pronation

A

turning the palm down or backward

48
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Foot decreases the angle between the leg & the top of the foot

49
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Foot increases the angle between the leg & the top of foot

50
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Arthritis affectint the vertebral column causing deformities of the spine

51
Q

Muscular dystrophy - MD

A

weakness and degeneration of the muscle without nerve degeneration

52
Q

Bunion (hallux valgus)

A

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (big toe)

53
Q

Ganglion

A

Cystic tumor on a tendon, usually on the back of the wrist

54
Q

Gout

A

form of acute arthritis, inflammation of the irst metatarsal joint (great toe)

55
Q

Herniated nucleus pulposus

A

Slipped disk

56
Q

Lyme disease

A

acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bit of an infected deer tick

57
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic, systemic inflamatory joint disease - mainly small joints (hands & feet)

58
Q

Plantar Fasciitis

A

Inflammated fascia on the plantar (bottom) side of foot

59
Q

Treatment for Plantar Fasciitis

A

rest, evaluation of shoes and activites as well as NSAIS’s

60
Q

NSAID’s

A

Nonsteroidal anti inflamitory drugs

61
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint with a needle to extract for analysis

62
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Reconstruction or replacement of a joint

63
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Looking at the interior of a joint with a scope

64
Q

Rheumatoid factor

A

Blood test, measures the unusal antibodies that develop in a number of CT (Connective Tissue) diseases

65
Q

Sed rate

A

blood test that measures the rate at which RBC (red blood cells) settle in the bottom of a test tube filled with unclotted blood

HIT 140 - Medical Term (1 decks)

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