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NMS 2 > Muscle, Superficial, and Pathological Reflexes > Flashcards

Muscle, Superficial, and Pathological Reflexes Flashcards

0
Q

Biceps Brachii Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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1
Q

Biceps Brachii Reflex segmental innervation

A

C5-6

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2
Q

Brachioradialis Reflex segmental innervation

A

C5-6

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3
Q

Brachioradialis Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Radial nerve

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4
Q

Triceps Brachii Reflex segmental innervation

A

C6-7-8-(T1)

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5
Q

Triceps Brachii Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Radial nerve

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6
Q

Finger flexion Reflex segmental innervation

A

C7-8-T1

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7
Q

Finger flexion Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Median and ulnar nerves

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8
Q

Patellar Reflex segmental innervation

A

L2-3-4

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9
Q

Patellar Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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10
Q

Achilles Reflex segmental innervation

A

L5-S1-2

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11
Q

Achilles Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Tibial nerve

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12
Q

Adductor Reflex segmental innervation

A

L2-3-4

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13
Q

Adductor Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Obturator nerve

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14
Q

Internal Hamstring Reflex segmental innervation

A

L4-5-S1-2

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15
Q

Internal Hamstring Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Tibial nerve

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16
Q

External Hamstring Reflex segmental innervation

A

L5-S1-2-3

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17
Q

External Hamstring Reflex peripheral innervation

A

Common Peroneal/fibular nerve

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18
Q

Reflex grade 0 (0)

A

Absent with reinforcement

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19
Q

Reflex grade 1 (+)

A

Hypoactive with reinforcement

20
Q

Reflex grade 2 (++)

A

Normal - May use sluggish or brisk

21
Q

Reflex grade 3 (+++)

A

Hyperactive

22
Q

Reflex grade 4 (++++ with transient clonus)

A

Hyperactive with transient clonus

23
Q

Reflex grade 4 (++++ with sustained clonus)

A

Hyperactive with sustained clonus

24
Q

Method of Jendrassik

A

When testing the patellar reflexes the patient is asked to hook his fingers and try to pull them apart at the time the reflex is being tested. Reinforcement can be done in a number of ways by distracting the patient while performing the reflex.

25
Q

Gag reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

CN IX and X for both

26
Q

Corneal blink reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

CN V and VII for both

27
Q

Epigastric reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

T5-7

Intercostal nerves

28
Q

Upper Abdominal segmental and peripheral innervations

A

T7-9

Intercostal nerves

29
Q

Middle Abdominal segmental and peripheral innervations

A

T9-11

Intercostal nerves

30
Q

Lower Abdominal Reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

T11-12

Intercostal, Ilioinguinal, and Iliohypogastric nerves

31
Q

Cremasteric Reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

L1-2

Ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves

32
Q

Gluteal Reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

L4-5-S1-2

Inferior gluteal nerve

33
Q

Plantar Reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

L4-5-S1-2

Tibial nerve

34
Q

Anal Reflex segmental and peripheral innervations

A

S2-3-4

Inferior hemorrhoidal nerve

35
Q

Hoffman Sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract
Procedure: sharp forcible flick of Dr’s thumb against pt’s middle finger
Response and indications: flexion of fingers and Adduction of thumb; UMNL

36
Q

Tromner Sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract
Procedure: tap volar surface of middle finger
Response and indications: flexion of fingers and Adduction of thumb; UMNL

37
Q

Rossolimo Sign of the Foot
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: tap ball of the foot or tips of the toes
Response and indications: plantarflexion of toes; UMNL

38
Q

Babinski sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: stroke plantar of foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe
Response and indications: normal = plantar flexion of toes and foot
abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

39
Q

Chaddock sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: stroke lateral malleolus from heel to toe
Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot
abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

40
Q

Oppenheim sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: stroke anterior tibial surface from superior to inferior
Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot
abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

41
Q

Gordon sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: squeeze the calf
Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot
abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

42
Q

Schaeffer sign
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: corticospinal tract
Procedure: squeeze the Achilles’ tendon
Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot
abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

43
Q

Pupillary Light Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: afferent CN II, efferent CN III
Procedure: shine light into one eye watch for constriction of both eyes. Repeat on other eye.
Response and indications: should see bilateral constriction. If not may be CN II or CN III lesion

44
Q

Accommodation Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: CN III
Procedure: have patient look at finger 2 ft away, then follow it in to about 6” away from nose, then look away at a far object.
Response and indications: convergence of eyes, constriction of pupils, lens thickening. CN III lesion

45
Q

Ciliospinal Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: afferent CN V and cervicals, efferent cervical sympathetics
Procedure: painful stimulus to the neck
Response and indications: dilation of the pupil on the painful side of stimulation. If absent may be lesion of the cervical sympathetics

46
Q

Oculocardiac Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: afferent CN V, efferent CN X
Procedure: thumb pressure on the eyeballs
Response and indications: decrease in heart rate and a fall in blood pressure

47
Q

Carotid Sinus Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: afferent CN IX, efferent CN X
Procedure: pressure on the carotid sinus (unilateral or bilateral)
Response and indications: decrease in heart rate and a fall in blood pressure

48
Q

Bulbocavernosus Reflex
Segmental level
Procedure
Response and indications

A

Segmental level: S3-4
Procedure: stroke, prick, pinch the dorsum of the glans penis
Response and indications: contraction of the bulbocavernosus muscle and urethral constriction, and contraction of the external anal sphincter

NMS 2 (8 decks)

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