Muscle, Superficial, and Pathological Reflexes Flashcards

Question

Method of Jendrassik

Answer 1

When testing the patellar reflexes the patient is asked to hook his fingers and try to pull them apart at the time the reflex is being tested. Reinforcement can be done in a number of ways by distracting the patient while performing the reflex.

Answer 2

CN IX and X for both

Answer 3

CN V and VII for both

Answer 4

T5-7 | Intercostal nerves

Answer 5

T7-9 | Intercostal nerves

Answer 6

T9-11 | Intercostal nerves

Answer 7

T11-12 | Intercostal, Ilioinguinal, and Iliohypogastric nerves

Answer 8

L1-2 | Ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves

Answer 9

L4-5-S1-2 | Inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 10

L4-5-S1-2 | Tibial nerve

Answer 11

S2-3-4 | Inferior hemorrhoidal nerve

Answer 12

Segmental level: lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract Procedure: sharp forcible flick of Dr's thumb against pt's middle finger Response and indications: flexion of fingers and Adduction of thumb; UMNL

Answer 13

Segmental level: lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract Procedure: tap volar surface of middle finger Response and indications: flexion of fingers and Adduction of thumb; UMNL

Answer 14

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: tap ball of the foot or tips of the toes Response and indications: plantarflexion of toes; UMNL

Answer 15

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: stroke plantar of foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe Response and indications: normal = plantar flexion of toes and foot abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

Answer 16

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: stroke lateral malleolus from heel to toe Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

Answer 17

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: stroke anterior tibial surface from superior to inferior Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

Answer 18

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: squeeze the calf Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

Answer 19

Segmental level: corticospinal tract Procedure: squeeze the Achilles' tendon Response and indications: normal = no motion of toes and foot abnormal = dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes; UMNL

Answer 20

Segmental level: afferent CN II, efferent CN III Procedure: shine light into one eye watch for constriction of both eyes. Repeat on other eye. Response and indications: should see bilateral constriction. If not may be CN II or CN III lesion

Answer 21

Segmental level: CN III Procedure: have patient look at finger 2 ft away, then follow it in to about 6" away from nose, then look away at a far object. Response and indications: convergence of eyes, constriction of pupils, lens thickening. CN III lesion

Answer 22

Segmental level: afferent CN V and cervicals, efferent cervical sympathetics Procedure: painful stimulus to the neck Response and indications: dilation of the pupil on the painful side of stimulation. If absent may be lesion of the cervical sympathetics

Answer 23

Segmental level: afferent CN V, efferent CN X Procedure: thumb pressure on the eyeballs Response and indications: decrease in heart rate and a fall in blood pressure

Answer 24

Segmental level: afferent CN IX, efferent CN X Procedure: pressure on the carotid sinus (unilateral or bilateral) Response and indications: decrease in heart rate and a fall in blood pressure

Answer 25

Segmental level: S3-4 Procedure: stroke, prick, pinch the dorsum of the glans penis Response and indications: contraction of the bulbocavernosus muscle and urethral constriction, and contraction of the external anal sphincter