muscle strength

Question 1

What are the principles of ranges during muscle strengthe testing

Answer 1

Inner, middle and outer range

contraction force greatest in middle range
outer range and inner range have lesser contraction force

some muscles inner and outer muscle have lesser contraction force

some muscles inner and outer muscle contraction force may not be same value

Question 2

What is the oxford scale for muscle testing?

Answer 2

0 = no contraction
1 = flicker / visible contraction without movement of the limb
2 = movement of limb with no gravity
3 = movement against gravity no resistance
4 = movement against gravity and some resistance
5 = normal, against gravity and full resistance

Question 3

what are the positions for measuring hip extension and flexion strength

Answer 3

extension:
grade 0-1prone
grade 2 side lying
grade 3-5 prone

flexion:
grade 0-1 supine
grade 2 side lying
grade 3-5 supine

Question 4

what are the positions for measuring strength for hip abduction and adduction

Answer 4

abduction /adduction
0-1 supine
2 supine
3-5 side lying or standing

Question 5

what are the positions for measuring strength of hip ex/internal rotation

Answer 5

external rotation
0-1 prone
2 supine
3-5 sitting (hips and knees at 90)

internal rotation
0-1 supine
2 supine
3-5 sitting (hips and knees at 90)

Question 6

how are knee extension and flexion measured

Answer 6

extension
0-1 supine
2 side lying
3-5 sitting

flexion
0-1 prone
2 side lying
3-5 prone or standing

Question 7

what are the positions for ankle PF and DF strength measuring

Answer 7

PF
0-1 Prone
2 side lying
3-5 prone or standing

DF
0-1 supine
2 side lying
3-5 supine or sitting

Question 8

what positions are ankle eversion and inversion measured at?

Answer 8

eversion + inversion
0-1 supine
2 supine
3-5 side lying

Question 9

what stabilisation needs to be done before muscle testing

Answer 9

pt must be in stable position
effect of gravity and weight of patient on treatment table or chair provides some stabilisation
may stabilise proximal joints whilst resistance is applied distally

Question 10

where should resistance be applied for different types of joint muscles

Answer 10

one-joint muscles: apply resistance at end of range for consistency
two-joint muscles: apply in mid-range as length tension is more favourable in this range

Question 11

what positions should shoulder extension and flexion be performed in

Answer 11

extension
grade 0-1 prone
grade 2 side lying
grade 3-5 prone

flexion
grade 0-1 supine
grade 2 side lying
grade 3-5 side lying or standing

Question 12

shoulder abduction or adduction positions for strength measurement

Answer 12

abduction / adduction
0-1 supine
2 supine
3-5 side lying or standing

Question 13

strength measuring positions for shoulder external rotation and internal rotation

Answer 13

ex rotation
0-1 prone
2 supine
3-5 sitting (hips and knees at 90)

int rotation
0-1 prone
2 supine
3-5 sitting

Question 14

what are the positions for measuring elbow extension and flexion strength

Answer 14

extension
0-1 prone
2 side lying / sitting
3-5 prone or sitting

flexion
0-1 supine
2 side lying / sitting
3-5 supine / sitting

Question 15

what positions are used to measure elbow supination and pronation

Answer 15

supination / pronation

0-1 supine or sitting
2 difficult to eliminate gravity
3 difficult to complete PROM against gravity
4-5 supine or sitting

Question 16

what positions are used to test wrist extension and flexion

Answer 16

extension / flexion

0-1 supine or sitting
2 supine or sitting forearm mid position
3-5 supine or sitting
(ext forearm pronated, flex forearm supinated)

Question 17

What positions are used for ulnar deviation and radial deviation

Answer 17

0-1 supine or sitting
2 supine or sitting forearm pronated
3-5 supine or sitting
(ulnar = forearm pronated, radial = forearm in mid position)