Muscle Phys

Question 1

Componets for a contraction

Answer 1

Action potential along efferent nerve
Motor unit
Calcium Ions
Acetylcholine 
Sodium ions
Potassium ions
Sodium/potassium pump
ATP

Question 2

Neuromuscular junction componets

Answer 2

Synaptic knob
Synaptic vesicles
Motor end plate
Synaptic cleft

Question 3

Synaptic knob

Answer 3

Expanded end of axon terminal

Question 4

Synaptic vesicles

Answer 4

Tony membranous sac filled with neurotransmitter

Question 5

Motor end plate

Answer 5

Part of sarcolemma, meets synaptic knob

Question 6

Synaptic cleft

Answer 6

Space between motor end plate and synaptic knob

Question 7

Types of contraction strength

Answer 7

Muscle tone, twitch, recruitment, incomplete tetanus

Question 8

Factors that effect twitch strength

Answer 8

State of muscle tone, fatigue, muscle temperature, state of hydration, stimulus frequency

Question 9

Types of contractions

Answer 9

Isometric, Isotonic, concentric, eccentric

Question 10

Energy sources for contraction

Answer 10

Aerobic respiration, Anaerobic respiration, Enzyme systems, Myokinase, Creatine kinase

Question 11

Aerobic respiration

Answer 11

• Adequate oxygen supply
• gulcose or fatty acid
• Fatty acid used for rest/low intensity exercise

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

• quick bursts of energy, short term
• Little/no oxygen required
• Lactic acid metabolized by liver
• Only two ATP for every glucose oxidized

Question 13

Enzyme systems

Answer 13

• Phosphate group
• Short term
• One molecule equal ADP

Question 14

Myokinase

Answer 14

Phosphate-ADP-ATP

Question 15

Creatine kinase

Answer 15

Phosphate-creatine phosphate-ADP-ATP

Question 16

Results of oxygen debt

Answer 16

• Rebuild creatine phosphate
• Reoxygenate muscle myoglobin
• Metabolize lactic acid in liver
• Restore body temperature

Question 17

Slow twitcj

Answer 17

Slow oxidative, Type I, Red

Question 18

Intermediate Twitcj

Answer 18

Type IIa, aerobic, light red

Question 19

Fast Twitch

Answer 19

Fast glycotic, Type IIb, fast anaerobic, white

Question 20

Distribution of skeletal myofiber

Answer 20

Contain all three
single motor unit contains only one type
slow finers dominate postural muscle
fast finers densest in eye and hand muscles

Question 21

Isometric contraction

Answer 21

Tension generated but no change in lemgth occurs. Such as pushing against a wall.

Question 22

Isotonic contraction

Answer 22

Tension generated and change in length occurs

Question 23

Cocentric contraction

Answer 23

Muscle shortens as it maintains tension such as flexion

Question 24

Eccentric contraction

Answer 24

Muscle lengthens as it maintains tension such as extension

Question 25

Muscle tone

Answer 25

Partial contraction of resting muscle, maintains optimum distance between actin & myosin filaments, maximum contraction, regulated by CNS

Question 26

Twitch

Answer 26

Single nerve stimulus which causes single contraction; no work done

Question 27

Recruitment

Answer 27

Increasing strength of nerve stimulation. Frequency of stimulation occurs for more twitches to occur. Work done.

Question 28

Incomplete Tetanus

Answer 28

Sustained fluttering of muscle; great force