Muscle Origins, Insertions, & Actions Flashcards
Orbicularis oris
Action: Closes and protrudes lips for kissing
Origin: Surrounding the opening of the mouth
Insertion: The skin at the corner of the mouth
Masseter
Action: Move the mandible (mastication) - Closes mouth
Origin: Maxilla and zygomatic arch
Insertion: Mandible
Extraocular muscles Names
Superior and Inferior oblique, Superior and Inferior rectus, and medial and lateral rectus
Extraocular Muscles
Action: rapid and precise movement of the eyes
Origin: Back of the orbit
Insertion: Different parts of eyeball
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Action: Flex and rotate head
Origin: Clavicle and sternum
Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone
Pectoralis Major
Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Proximal humerus
Pectoralis Minor
Action: Internally rotates the shoulder
Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula
Deltoid
Action: Abducts, flexes, and medially rotates the upper arm at the shoulder joint
Origin: Lateral clavicle and upper scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity on shaft of humerus
Trapezius
Action: Supports arm and moves the scapula up, down, in and out
Origin: Occipital Bone and cervical spine
Insertion: Clavicle, scapula, and lower thoracic vertebrae
Latissimus Dorsi
Action: Drives arm inferiorly and superiorly (swimmer’s muscles)
Origin: Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and iliac bone
Insertion: Mid-humerus
Rectus abdominus
Action: Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen
Origin: Pubic bone
Insertion: Ribs and sternum
External oblique
Action: Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen
Origin: Ribs 5-12
Insertion: Iliac crest and linea alba
Diaphragm
Action: Pulling down on lungs
Origin: Inferior 6 ribs (anteriorly) and lumbar vertebrae (posteriorly)
Insertion: Central tendon
Biceps brachii
Action: Flexes and supinates forearm at elbow joint and flexes arm at shoulder joint
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius
Brachialis
Action: Flexor of forearm at elbow
Origin: Distal anterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Ulna
Triceps brachii
Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint and arm at shoulder joint
Origin: Scapula and posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
Brachioradialis
Action: Supinates the forearm at the radioulnar joint
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Distal radius
Gluteus Maximus
Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx
Insertion: Femur
Quadricep Group Names
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis
Quadricep Group
Action: Flexes thigh at high joint and extends leg at knee joint
Origin: Iliac spine and proximal femur
Insertion: Patella and proximal tibia
Hamstring Group Name
Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranous
Hamstring Group
Action: Flexing knee
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Proximal tibia and fibula
Tibialis anterior
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot
Origin: Tibia
Insertion: First cuneiform and first metatarsal
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Function as one often called the gastrocsoleus muscle
Action: plantar flex the foot at ankle joint (standing on tip toes)
Origin: Femur, capsule of knee, head of fibula
Insertion: Calcaneus by way of Achilles tendon
