muscle functions and innervation Flashcards

1
Q

Temporalis

A

Close jaw, flex TMJ, move scalp

Trigeminal n. (3rd branch) CN V3

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2
Q

Masseter

A

Close jaw, flex TMJ, side-to-side (herbivores)

Trigeminal n., CN V-3

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3
Q

Digastricus

A

Extend TNJ

Trigeminal CN v3

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4
Q

Hyoglossal

A

retracts and depresses tongue,

hypoglossal n.

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5
Q

Omotransversarius

A

moves scapula forward

Accessory n.

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6
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

extends shoulder joint

Accessory n.

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7
Q

Trapezius

A

raises scapula dorsomedially, extends shoulder in motion

Accessory n.

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8
Q

Rhomboideus

A

raises scapula

Accessory n.

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9
Q

Scalaneus

A

Ventral flexion of neck (bilaterally), flexes neck laterally (unilateral), Resp accessory muscle - elevates first rib
Accessory n.

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10
Q

Sternocephalicus

A

ventroflexion, lowers head, flexes neck unilaterally

Accessory n.

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11
Q

Sterno-thyro-hyoideus

A

retracts tongue and larynx, lowers head

Segmental cervical nn.

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12
Q

Serratus ventralis

A

supports weight of trunk, holds scapula to trunk, moves scapula to & away from neck
Long thoracic n.

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint, extends shoulder joint

Suprascapular n.

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14
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint

Suprascapular n.

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15
Q

Subscapularis

A

Stabilized shoulder joint, adducts foreleg

Subscapular n.

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16
Q

Deltoidius

A

Flexes shoulder joint

Axillary n.

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17
Q

Teres major/minor

A

flexes shoulder joint

Axillary n.

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18
Q

Biceps brachii

A

flexes elbow

Musculocutaneous n.

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19
Q

Brachialis

A

flexes elbow,

Musculocutaneous n.

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20
Q

Triceps

A

extends elbow joint, long head extends shoulder joint

Radial n.

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21
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

extends carpal joint

Radial n.

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22
Q

Common digital extensor (thoracic limb)

A

extends carpal joint and distal phalanges

Radial n.

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23
Q

Lateral digital extensor

A

extends carpal joint and proximal phalanges

Radial n.

24
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

further flexes and extends carpus

Radial n.

25
Q

Abductor pollicus longus

extensor carpi obliqus

A

Supination, abducts first digit (hitchhiker)

Radial n.

26
Q

Superficial digital flexors (thoracic limb)

A

flex phalanges

Median n.

27
Q

Deep digital flexors (thoracic limb)

A

flex digital phalanges

Ulnar n.

28
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

flexes carpus

Median n.

29
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A
flexes carpus (olecranon -> accessory carpal bone)
Ulnar n.
30
Q

Superficial pectorals

A

adduct arm, prevent abduction, thoracic sling

Cranial pectoral nn.

31
Q

Deep pectorals

A

pulls trunk cranially, draws arm caudally, thoracic sling

Caudal pectoral n.

32
Q

Middle gluteal

A

extend & abduct hip (just dorsal to tensor fascia lata)

Cranial gluteal n.

33
Q

Superficial gluteal

A
extend hip (Alabama panhandle)
Caudal gluteal n.
34
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

flex hip, extend stifle (triangle shape)

Cranial gluteal n.

35
Q

Biceps femoris

A
extend hip (hamstring)
Sciatic n.
36
Q

Semitendinosus

A
extends hip (hamstring)
Sciatic n.
37
Q

Semimembranosus

A
extends hip (hamstring)
femoral n.
38
Q

Rectus femoris (hot dog)

A
extends stifle (quad)
Femoral n.
39
Q

Vastus lateralis/intermedius/medialis (hot dog bun)

A

flex hip, support weight (quad)

Femoral n.

40
Q

Sartorius (2 bellies, cranial upper leg)

A

flex hip joint, extend & flex stifle

Femoral n.

41
Q

Pectineus (small, thin, cranial to adductor - caudal femoral triangle)

A

adducts leg

Obturator n.

42
Q

Adductor (deep to gracilis)

A

adducts leg, extends hip

Obturator n.

43
Q

Gracilis (superficial, medial to hamstring)

A

adducts leg, flex stifle, extends hip & hock

Obturator n.

44
Q

Gastrocnemius (2 bellies, caudal leg)

A

extends tarsus, flex stifle

Tibial n.

45
Q

Long digital extensor (pelvic limb)

A
extend digits, flex tarsus
Common peroneal (Fibular) n.
46
Q

Lateral digital extensor

A

extend digits

Common peroneal

47
Q

Superficial digital flexor (pelvic limb)

A

flex proximal phalanges

Tibial n.

48
Q

Deep digital flexor (pelvic limb)

A

Flex distal phalanges

Tibial n.

49
Q

Piriforis

A

extends hip

Caudal gluteal n.

50
Q

Cranial tibialis

A

flex tarsal joint, rotate paw medially

Common peroneal or Fibular n.

51
Q

Iliopsoas group

A

flex hip

Lumbar spinal nn., Femoral n.

52
Q

Peroneus longus (not in horse)

A

flex hock, extend digits

Peroneal n.

53
Q

Popliteus (just medical to tibial crest)

A

Stabilize stifle

Tibial n.

54
Q

Splenius

A

Supports head; extends head and neck

Segmental cervical nn.

55
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Flexes shoulder joint

Thoracodorsal n.