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OPP Exam 2 > Muscle Energy > Flashcards

Muscle Energy Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the original developer of Muscle Energy?

A

Fred Mitchell Sr. DO

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2
Q

Who did Fred Mitchell Sr. credit for primary sources to making ME?

A
  1. TJ Ruddy, DO

2. Carl Kettler, DO

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3
Q

What year did Fred publish ME? In what?

A

1948; Osteopathy Yearbook as “The balanced Pelvis in Relation to Chapman’s Reflexes”

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4
Q

Is ME direct or indirect?

A

Direct

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5
Q

Define ME

A

Patient’s muscles actively used upon request, from a precisely controlled position, in a specific direction, and against a distinctly executed counterforce

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6
Q

What is a ME indication?

A

Presence of a somatic dysfunction where there is an absence of contraindications

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7
Q

What must you have for ME to work?

A

Patient cooperation and contribution

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8
Q

What are 4 contraindications to ME?

A
  1. Acute injury
  2. Uncooperative/can’t cooperate
  3. Low vitality
  4. Post surgical
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9
Q

Can complications occur in ME?

A

Not if patient and type of ME technique are chosen correctly

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10
Q

What 3 factors influence success of ME?

A
  1. Accurate diagnoses
  2. Appropriate levels of force
  3. Sufficient localization
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11
Q

Is localization of force more important than the intensity of force?

A

YES

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12
Q

What is the most common mistake in ME?

A

Using too much force

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13
Q

If there is asymmetry in ROM, consider and test what?

A

Possibility of asymmetrical strength

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14
Q

What is important for maximal efficacy of ME?

A

Only the “feather edge” of the restrictive barrier is engaged

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15
Q

What does the duration of the technique depend on?

A

Size of muscle being treated

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16
Q

How many times do we repeat the steps? What do we ALWAYS do?

A

3-5 times; RECHECK OUR WORK

17
Q

What are the 5 different physiologic principles of ME?

A
  1. Joint mobilization using force (use muscle to move bone)
  2. Respiratory assist
  3. Occulocephalogyric reflex
  4. Reciprocal inhibition (RI)
  5. Post-Isometric Relaxation (PIR)
18
Q

What is the goal in joint mobilization using muscle force? What is an example?

A

Restoration of joint motion in an articular dysfunction; ribs 1-12 exhalation dysfunction (30-50lbs)

19
Q

What is the goal for Oculocephalofyric Reflex? What is an example?

A

Affect reflex muscle contractions using eye motion; restriction of regional cervical motion

20
Q

How is the force for OR? What terms do we think in?

A

Exceptionally gentle; ounces, not pounds

21
Q

What is the goal in Postisometric Relaxation? What is an example and its force?

A

Accomplish muscle relaxation; subacute or chronic right psoas restriction (10-20lbs sustained)

22
Q

What is the goal of Reciprocal Inhibition? What is an example of it and its force?

A

To lengthen a muscle shortened by crap or acute spasm; acute R psoas muscle restriction (very gentle, think ounces not pounds)

23
Q

Is ME often combined with other techniques? What is it often associated with?

A

Yes; creating the soft tissue relaxation necessary to accomplish the HVLA thrust, many are done in the same position

24
Q

What can ME do in another way being used?

A

Lengthen muscle shortened by both hypotonicity and contracture

25
Q

When is a perfect time to add in Direct Myofascial Release?

A

Once the hypertonicity has been eliminated using the ME technique

26
Q

4 things ME can be used for

A
  1. Balance muscle tone
  2. Improve symmetry or articular motion
  3. Enhance circulation of body fluids
  4. Strengthen reflexly weakened musculature
27
Q

What fluids does ME enhance?

A
  1. Blood
  2. Interstitial fluid
  3. Lymph
28
Q

What do we use for a hypertonic left SCM? (subacute/chronic)

A

PIR or RI

29
Q

How do we do the technique of PIR in terms of timing? How many times do we repeat?

A

Hold 3-5 seconds with 1-2 seconds relaxation; 3-5 times

30
Q

What do we ALWAYS do after doing a technique?

A

Recheck!!!!!!!

31
Q

What is the difference between PIR and IR?

A

PIR the patient pushes into the hypertonic muscle with counterforce; IR the patient pushes away from the hypertonic muscle with counterforce

32
Q

Do we keep the leg straight or bent for tight psoas treatment in PIR?

A

Straight; patient is lying prone pushing knee to table while physician resists

33
Q

How do we use IR for a tight psoas?

A

Patient lies at the end of the table, pulls in one knee and the patient pushes the leg down to the floor while the physician resists

34
Q

How do we perform PIR for piriformis?

A
  1. Patient lies supine
  2. Flex knee and put foot on opposite side and put hand on ASIS
  3. Patient tries to pull knee away from midline with counterforce (away from physician)
  4. Bring patient’s knee back when relaxed farther from midline and repeat
35
Q

How do we do RI for a piriformis?

A

Same as PIR, just have patient push into physicians hand with resistance (toward physician)

OPP Exam 2 (9 decks)

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