Muscle Contraction/Energy Storage/Usage

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

1. Releases the energy needed for contractions
2. Very limited storage in muscles which leads to the need for multiple energy pathways

Question 2

Anaerobic Glycolysis

Answer 2

Initial steps of glucose breakdown occur via glycolysis

Glycolysis is non-oxidative

15 seconds to 60 seconds

Very strong and fast energy source - not long lasting

Question 3

Lactic Acid Formation

Answer 3

When oxygen isn’t present when stores run out, lactic acid is generated - can lead to muscle soreness

Question 4

Aerobic Pathway

Answer 4

95% of ATP used for muscle activity comes from this pathway

Must have oxygen to use this pathway

Oxidative phosphorylation

Glucose breaks down to bond to ATP

Long term energy source

Question 5

Muscle Fatigue

Answer 5

Long lasting muscle use will lead to fatigue (based on training)

Fatigue is when muscle is unable to contract even though it is still being stimulated

Main factor is oxygen deficit

Question 6

Main factor of Muscle Fatigue

Answer 6

Oxygen Deficit

Question 7

No exercise

Answer 7

Atrophy

Question 8

Endurance (Aerobic) Exercise

Answer 8

Stronger more flexibly muscles

Greater resistance to fatigue

Body gets more efficient at delivery blood to area which brings energy and allows for better performance

Not much increase in size

Question 9

Resistance (isometric) Exercise

Answer 9

Increases muscle size

Muscles need to contract with all their force - causing hypertrophy

Enlarges individual muscle fibers

Make more contractile myofilaments

increase in support connective tissue

Question 10

Tetanus

Answer 10

Produces stronger (more forceful) muscle contractions

Primary role - to produce smooth and prolonged contractions

Question 11

Graded Responses

Produced in two different ways

Answer 11

1. By changing the frequency of muscle stimulation
2. Changing the number of muscle fibers being stimulated at one time