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Anatomy > Muscle Actions > Flashcards

Muscle Actions Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

Elevate, depress, retract, and rotate scapula superiorly (depending on fibers - upper/mid/lower)

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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extension and medial rotation of arm

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3
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Scapular elevation

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4
Q

Rhomboid major and minor

A

Scapular retraction, elevation, rotate inferiorly

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5
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

Elevate ribs

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6
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

Depress ribs

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7
Q

Splenus capitus and cervicus

A

Bilaterally extend C-Spine

Unilaterally flex and rotate head to same side

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8
Q

Erector spinae - Iliocostalis

A

Bilaterally extend spine

Unilaterally side bend

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9
Q

Erecrtor spinae - longissimus

A

Bilaterally extend head/spine

Unilaterally side bend

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10
Q

Etector spinae - Spinalis

A

Bilateraaly extend C+T spine

Unilaterally side bend

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11
Q

Semispinalis capitis and cervicis

A

Bilaterally extend C+T spine, stabilize craniovertebral joints
Unilaterally bend C+T spine to same side and rotate to opposite side

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12
Q

Rotators (longus and brevis)

A

Bilaterally extend T spine

Unilaterally rotate spine to opposite side

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13
Q

Levatores costarum (longus and brevis)

A

Bilaterally extend T spine

Unilaterally bend T spine to same side and rotate to opposite side

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14
Q

Multifidus

A

Bilaterally extend spine

Unilaterally bend to same side, rotate to opposite side

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15
Q

Suboccipital triangle - obliquus capitus inferior

A

Bilaterally extend head

Unilaterally rotate head to same side

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16
Q

Suboccipital triangle - obliquus capitis superior

A

Bilaterally extend head and tilt to same side

Unilaterally rotate head to opposite side

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17
Q

Suboccipital triangle - rectus capitus posterior major and minor

A

Bilaterally extend head

Unilaterally rotate head to same side

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18
Q

External intercostals

A

Raise ribs in inspiration, support intercostal spaces, stabilize chest wall

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19
Q

Internal intercostals and innermost intercostals

A

Lower ribs in expiration, support intercostal spaces, stabilize chest wall

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20
Q

Transversus thoracis

A

Weakly lower ribs during expiration

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21
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Bilaterally flex trunk

Unilaterally side bend to same side and rotate to opposite side

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22
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Bilaterally flex trunk

Unilaterally side bend and rotate to same side

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23
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Bilaterally compress abdomen

Unilaterally rotate trunk to same side

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24
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Flex trunk

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25
Q

Psoas major

A

Hip - flex
Lumbar spine - externally rotate
Unilaterally side bend
Bilaterally raise trunk from supine

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26
Q

Psoas minor

A

Weak trunk flexor

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27
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

Bilateral bear down in expiration, stabilize 12th rib

Unilaterally side bend

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28
Q

Iliacus

A

Flex thigh (flex pelvis if thigh is fixed)

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29
Q

Deltoid (anterior / clavicular)

A

Flex, internally rotate, adduct arm

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30
Q

Deltoid (lateral, acromial)

A

Abduct arm

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31
Q

Deltoid (posterior, spinal)

A

Extend, externally rotate, adduct arm

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32
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Adduct and internally rotate arm

Clavicular and sternocostal parts flex arm and assist with respiration

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33
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Depress scapula medially, rotate glenoid inferiorly, assist in respiration

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34
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Internally rotate, adduct, and extend arm

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35
Q

Teres major

A

Internally rotate, adduct, and extend arm

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36
Q

Subscapularis

A

Internally rotate arm

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37
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Lower arm, rotate scapula laterally, elevate ribs

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38
Q

Teres minor

A

Externally rotate shoulder, weakly adduct

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39
Q

Triceps brachii

A 
Extend elbow
Adduct shoulder (long and medial heads also extend shoulder)
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40
Q

Anconeus

A

Extend and stabilize elbow

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41
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Abduct shoulder

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42
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Externally rotate shoulder

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43
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flex elbow
Supinate forearm
Flex, abduct, internally rotate shoulder

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44
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Flex, adduct, internally rotate shoulder

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45
Q

Brachialis

A

Flex elbow

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46
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Weak elbow flexor (most effective w/forearm neutral)

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47
Q

Pronator teres

A

Pronate forearm, weakly flex elbow

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48
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Flex wrist, radial deviation

49
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Weak elbow flexor, tightens palmar aponeurosis

50
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flex wrist, ulnar deviation

51
Q

Flexor digitorun superficialis

A

Wrist flexion
MCP and PIP flexion digits 2-5
Weak elvow flexion

52
Q

Flexor pollicus longus

A

Wrist flexion, radial deviation

Thumb flexion CMC, MCP, IP

53
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Wrist flexion

MCP, PIP, DIP flexion digits 2-5

54
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Pronation

Stabilize radioulnar joint

55
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

A

Extend and abduct wrist

Weak elbow flexor

56
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Extend wrist

Extend MCP, PIP, DIP digits 2-5

57
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

Extend wrist
Extend MCP, PIP, DIP digit 5
Abduct 5th digit

58
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extend wrist, ulnar deviation

59
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

Abduct wrist and thumb CMC

60
Q

Extensior pollicis brevis

A 
Abduct wrist (radial deviation)
Thumb CMC, MCP extension
61
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

Extend and radially deviate wrist
Adduct thumb CMC
Extend thumb MCP, IP

62
Q

Extensor indicis

A

Extend wrist

Extend MCP, PIP, DIP 2nd digit (index finger)

63
Q

Supinator

A

Supinate forearm

64
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

Flex MCP and extend PIP, DIP digits 2-4

Abduct digits

65
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

Tighten palmar aponeurosis

66
Q

Lumbricals

A

Flex MCP digits 2-5

Extend PIP, DIP digits 2-5

67
Q

Palmar interossei

A

Flex MCP digits 2, 4, 5
Extend PIP, DIP digits 2, 4, 5

Adduct digits

68
Q

Adductor pollicis

A

Adduct thumb CMC

Flex thumb MCP

69
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Wrist flexion, radial deviation

Thumb CMC, MCP, IP flexion

70
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Wrist flexion
Flexion MCP, PIP digits 2-5
Weak elbow flexion

71
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Wrist flexion

Flexion MCP, PIP, DIP digits 2-5

72
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abduct thumb CMC

73
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flex thumb CMC

74
Q

Opponens pollicis

A

Oppose thumb CMC

75
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Flex and abduct 5th MCP

Extend PIP, DIP 5th digit

76
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flex 5th MCP

77
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

Opposition 5th

78
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Extend and externally rotate hip

Role in hip abduction and adduction

79
Q

Gluteus medius and minimus

A

Abduct hip, stabilize pelvis in coronal plane

Role in hip flexion and rotation

80
Q

Piriformis

A

Hip external rotation, abduction, extension

81
Q

Obturator internus and superior/inferior gemelli

A

Hip external rotation and extension

82
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Hip external rotation and extension

83
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Hip abduction, flexion, internal rotation

84
Q

Sartorius

A

Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation

Knee flexion and internal rotation

85
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Hip flexion

Knee extension

86
Q

Vastus medialis, lateralis, and intermedius

A

Knee extension

87
Q

Pectineus

A

Hip adductiob, external rotation, slight flexion

88
Q

Obturator externus

A

Hip external rotation

89
Q

Gracilis

A

Hip adduction and flexion

Knee flexion and internal rotation

90
Q

Adductor longus

A

Hip adduction and flexion (up to 70°)

91
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Hip adduction, extension, slight flexion

92
Q

Adductor brevis

A 
Hip adduction and flexion (up to 70°)
Hip extension (after 80°)
93
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Knee flexion
Hip extension

Knee external rotation with knee flexed
Hip external rotation with hip extended

94
Q

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus

A

Knee flexion and internal rotation

Hip extension

95
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Ankle dorsiflexion and inversion

96
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Ankle dorsiflexion and eversion

Extend MCP, IP digits 2-5

97
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

Extend MTP, IP 1st toe

98
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) tertius

A

Ankle dorsiflexion and eversion

99
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) longus

A

Ankle plantarflexion and eversion

Arch support

100
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) brevis

A

Ankle plantarflexion and eversion

101
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Ankle plantarflexion

Knee flexion

102
Q

Plantaris

A

Negligible motion

103
Q

Soleus

A

Ankle plantarflexion

104
Q

Popliteus

A

Knee flexion and internal rotation

105
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Ankle plantarflexion and inversion

Support MLA and transverse arch

106
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Ankle plantarflexion and inversion

Flexion MTP, IP digits 2-5

107
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Ankle plantarflexion and inversion
Flexion MTP, IP 1st toe
Support MLA

108
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

Extend 1st MTP

109
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

Extend MTP, IP digits 2-5

110
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Flex MTP, IP digits 2-5

Support arch

111
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Flex and abduct 5th MTP

Support MLA

112
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Flex and abduct 1st MTP

Support arch

113
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

Redirect and augment pull of flexor digirorum longus

114
Q

Foot lumbricals

A

Flex MTP digits 2-5
Extend IP digits 2-5
Adduct digits 2-5 toward 1st toe

115
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Flex and adduct 1st MTP

Support transverse arch and MLA

116
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flex MTP 5th digit

117
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

Flex MTP 1st toe

Support arch

118
Q

Foot dorsal interossei

A

Abduction MTP digits 2-4

119
Q

Foot plantar interossei

A

Adduct MTP digits 3-5

Anatomy (6 decks)

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