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Bones > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Functional characteristics of muscle tissue (4)

A

Excitability, contractibility,extensibility, elasticity

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2
Q

Skeletal muscle functions

A

Locomotion, posture, support soft tissue and joints, regulates what comes in and out of body, maintains 40%of body temp

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3
Q

Cardiac

A

Push blood through body

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4
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Peristalsis

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5
Q

Three types of muscle

A

Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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6
Q

Endomysium

A

Connective sheeths, wax paper on sucker, repair muscles here, binds other fibers

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7
Q

Perimysium

A

Allows compartments within skeletal muscle, it’s the white covering

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8
Q

Epimysium

A

Mechanical barrier, attachment site

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9
Q

Attachments

A

Origin and insertion

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10
Q

Muscle attachment

A

Direct or indirect

Indirect is more common

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11
Q

1 muscle fiber=

A

100 embryo cells

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12
Q

Myoglobin

A

Gives muscles oxygen and color to muscle

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13
Q

100 myofibrils

A

Per muscle cell

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14
Q

Actin and myosin are made up

A

Of dense rod like elements of myofibrils

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15
Q

Arrangement of myofibrils make up repeating series of

A

Dark A bands and light I bands

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16
Q

10,000 sacromeres =

A

Per 1 myofibrils

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17
Q

Z Disc

A

Protein anchor, actin attaches here

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18
Q

Thick myofiliment

A

Myocin, extends entire length of A band

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19
Q

Thin myofiliments

A

Actin, extends across I band to A

20
Q

Thin filament are mainly composed of

A

Protein actin

21
Q

Sacriplasmic reticulum Surrounds

A

Myofibril

22
Q

T tubules signal for the release of

A

Calcium

23
Q

Sliding filament modeling of contraction

A

Attach-> pivot-> detach-> return

Lane rope of a pool

24
Q

How to get Skeletal muscle to contract

A

Be stimulated by nerve ending
Propagated an electrical current along it’s sacrolemma
Have a rise in intracellular calcium levels

25
Q

Excitation contraction coupling

A

Linking the electrical signal to the contraction

26
Q

Action potential

A

Initial start of an electrical current

27
Q

Cross bridge formation

A

Myosin cross bridge attaches to actin filament

28
Q

Working power stroke

A

Myosin head pivots an pulls actin filament toward M line

29
Q

Cross bridge attachment

A

ATP attaches to myosin head and cross bridge detaches

30
Q

Cocking of myosin head

A

Energy from hydrolysis of ATP ccks the myosin the head into the high energy state

31
Q

Two types of muscle contraction

A

Isometric, isotonic contraction

32
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Increasing muscle tension: plank exercise

33
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

Decreasing muscle length: lifting weights

34
Q

Small motor

A

Thumb, eyes

35
Q

Large motor unit

A

Thighs, glutes

36
Q

Muscle twitch

A

Response of a muscle to a single brief threshold stimulus

37
Q

Wave stimulation

A

Frequently delivered stimuli increased contractile force

38
Q

Threshold stimulus

A

The stimulus strength at which the first observable muscle contraction occurs

39
Q

Multiple motor unit summation controls

A

The force of contraction

40
Q

Muscle tone

A

Constant state your muscles are in

41
Q

Two types of isotonic contractions

A

Concentric- muscle shortens

Eccentric-muscle contracts as it lengthens

42
Q

Muscle fatigue

A

Muscle is in a state of physiological inability to contract

43
Q

Muscle fatigue occurs when

A

ATP fails
Not enough ATP
Too much latic acid
Ionic imbalances

44
Q

Oxygen debt

A

Extra amount of O2 needed for the above restorative process

45
Q

Aerobic increases

A

Muscle capillaries
Number of mitochondria
Myoglobin synthesis

Bones (2 decks)

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