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Physiology > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE ORGANIZATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE?

A
  1. Epimysium
  2. Perimysium
  3. Endomyium
  4. Tendon
  5. Myofibrils
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2
Q

OUTMOST OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE?

A

EPIMYSIUM

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3
Q

INNERMOST OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE?

A

ENDOMYSIUM

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4
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE COVERING THE SKELETAL MUSCLE?

A

EPIMYSIUM

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5
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE COVERING THE MUSCLE BUNDLE/FISCICLE

A

PERIMYSIUM

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6
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE COVERING THE MUSCLE FIBER?

A

ENDOMYSIUM

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7
Q

COMBINATION OF THE ALL CONNECTIVE TISSUES AT THE END?

A

TENDON

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8
Q

WHAT THE PRESENT OIN MYOFIBRILS?

A

SARCOMERE AND MYOFILAMENTS

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9
Q

PORTION BETWEEN 2 Z DISCS?

A

SARCOMERE

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10
Q

FUNCTIONAL CONTRACTILE UNIT OF THE MUSCLE

A

SARCOMERE

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11
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF SARCOMERE?

A

A. ACTIN
B. MYOSIN
C. I BAND
D. A BAND
E. M-LINE
F. H ZONE

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12
Q

ATTACHED TO THE Z DISC?

A

ACTIN

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13
Q

THICK BAND LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE?

A

MYOSIN

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14
Q

PART OF THE ACTIN?

A

I BAND

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15
Q

DOES NOT OVERLAP WITH MYOSIN?

A

I BAND

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16
Q

PORTION OF THE MYOSIN?

A

A BAND

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17
Q

IT OVERLAPS IN ACTIN?

A

A BAND

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18
Q

IMAGINARY LINE?

A

M-LINE

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19
Q

PARASAGITTAL LINES?

A

H ZONE

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20
Q

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE H ZONE DURING MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

A

DISAPPEARS

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21
Q

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE I BAND DURING MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

A

NARROWS

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22
Q

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE A BAND DURING MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

A

NOTHING HAPPENS

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23
Q

AKA T SYSTEM?

A

SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM

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24
Q

AKA TRIAD?

A

SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM

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25
Q

WHAT ARE THE OTHER NAME OF SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM?

A

T SYSTEM/TRIAD

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26
Q

WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM/ T SYSTEM/TRIAD?

A
  1. 1 TRANSVERSE TUBULE
  2. 2 SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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27
Q

CONVEYS AP INSIDE THE MUSCLE FROM THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION?

A

1 TRANSVERSE TUBULE

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28
Q

STORES CALCIUM WITHOUT AP?

A

2 SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

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29
Q

RELEASES CALCIUM WITH AP?

A

2 SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

30
Q

2 TYPES OF MYOFILAMENTS?

A
  1. THIN FILAMENTS
  2. THICK FILAMENTS
31
Q

3 PROTEIN STRUCTURES?

A

A. ACTIN
B. TROPOMYOSIN
C. TROPONIN

32
Q

MADE UP FOR DOUBLE STRANDED F ACTIN PROTEIN MOLECULES?

A

ACTIN

33
Q

SPIRAL OVER THE ACTIN THAT COVERS THE ACTIN BINDING SITES TO PREVENT MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

A

TROPOMYOSIN

34
Q

PROTEIN THAT HAS 3 SUBUNITS?

A

TROPONIN

35
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 SUBUNITS OF TROPONIN?

A

i. TROPONIN I
ii. TROPONIN C
iii. TROPONIN T

36
Q

A COMPLEX SO THAT THE TROPONIN AND TROPOMYOSIN WILL NOT BE SEPARATED?

A

TROPONIN-TROPOMYOSIN

37
Q

IT ALSO COVERS THE ACTIN BINDING SITE?

A

i. TROPONIN I

38
Q

IT FORMS A COMPLEX CALLED TROPONIN-TROPOMYOSIN?

A

iii. TROPONIN T

39
Q

HAS HIGH AFFINITY WITH CALCIUM?

A

ii. TROPONIN C

40
Q

MYOFILAMENTS HAS MYOSIN?

A

THICK FILAMENTS

41
Q

MYOFILAMENTS HAS 3 PROTEIN STRUCTURES?

A

THIN FILAMENTS

42
Q

ONLY ONE HEAD MUST HAVE AN ATTACHMENT AT A TIME?

A

THICK FILAMENTS

43
Q

ATP+MYOSIN HEAD?

A

RELAXATION

44
Q

ACTIN+MYOSIN HEAD?

A

MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

45
Q

MAJOR NEUROTRANSMITTER OF THE NEROMUSCULAR JUCTION?

A

ACETYLCHOLINE (Ach)

46
Q

ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS FOUND IN SKELETAL MUSCLE?

A

NICOTINIC RECEPTORS

47
Q

ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS FOUND IN SMOOTH MUSCLE?

A

MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS

48
Q

WHERE APs ARRIVE?

A

PRESYNAPTIC TERMINAL

49
Q

IN SEQUENCE OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION, THE OPENING CALLED?

A

VOLTAGE-GATED CALCIUM CHANNELS

50
Q

CALCIUM INFLEX TRIGGERS THE RELEASE OF ACETYLCHOLINE INTO THE?

A

SYNAPTIC CLEFT

51
Q

ACETYLCHOLINE BINDS WITH ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS WHICH PROMOTES OPENING OF?

A

LIGAND-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS AND SODIUM INFLUX

52
Q

APs WILL CONVEYED BY?

A

TRANSVERSE TUBULES

53
Q

CONVEYED BY T-TUBULES INSIDE THE MUSCLE AND DELIVER THEM TOWARDS THE?

A

SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

54
Q

SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM RELEASES?

A

CALCIUM

55
Q

CALCIUM PRESENT IN THE?

A

SARCOMERE

56
Q

CALCIUM BINDS WITH?

A

TROPONIN C

57
Q

IT LEADS TO EXPOSURE OF ACTIN BINDING SITES AND PROMOTES ATTRACTION OF?

A

MYOSIN HEADS

58
Q

MYOSIN HEAD BINDS WITH ____________ AND RELEASES ITS ATP?

A

ACTIN BINDING SITE

59
Q

MYOSIN HEAD TILTS ITS HEAD TO PULL THE ACTIN INWARD?

A

POWER STROKE (MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

60
Q

ATTACHMENT OF NEW ATP TO THE MYOSIN HEAD?

A

MUSCLE RELAXATION

61
Q

FACTORS THAT TERMINATE MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

A
  1. DECREASED LEVELS OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IONS.
  2. REMOVAL OF ACETYLCHOLINE BY ACETYLCHOLINEESTERASE
  3. ATTACHMENT OF ATP TO THE MYOSIN HEAD
62
Q

AT WHAT LENGTH CAN BE MUSCLE GENERATE THE HIGHEST TENSION?

A

RESTING LENGTH

63
Q

ACTIN AND MYOSIN ARE TOO CLOSE TO THE POINT THERE TO STICK TOGETHER RIGHT AWAY?

A

LOW TENSION IF FULLY SHORTENED

64
Q

ACTIN THE MYOSIN ARE TOO FAR APART TO THE POINT THAT IF THERE IS MUSCLE CONTRACTION, IT IS HARD FOR THEM TO STICK TOGETHER RIGHT AWAY?

A

LOW TENSION IF FULLY LENGTHENED

65
Q

ENOUGH SPACE FOR CONTRACTION?

A

RESTING LENGTH

66
Q

AT WHAT VELOCITY CAN MUSCLE GENERATE THAT HIGHEST TENSION?

A

FAST ECCENTRIC

67
Q

FROM HIGHEST TO LOWEST TENSION?

A

FAST ECCENTRIC>SLOW ECCENTRIC>ISOMETRIC>SLOW CONCENTRIC> FAST CONCENTRIC

68
Q

FAST ECCENTRIC?

A

LENGTHEN

69
Q

ISOMETRIC

A

SAME LENGHT

70
Q

SLOW CONCENTRIC?

A

SHORTEN

Physiology (2 decks)

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