Muscarinic receptor antagonists 2 (semi- and synthetic antagonists)

Question 1

Semisynthetic and synthetic parasympatholytic drugs (11 drugs)

Answer 1

Ipratropium.
Tiotropium.
Dicyclomine.
Oxybutynin.
Solifenacin.
Tolterodine.
Darifenacin.
Trospium.
Glycopyrrolate.
Tropicamide.
Pirenzepine.

Question 2

Ipratropium and tiotropium - indications

Answer 2

Asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis

Question 3

Ipratropium and tiotropium - side effects

Answer 3

Few side effects, do not inhibit ciliary clearance of secretions from the airways.

Question 4

Parasympatholytic drugs used to treat obstructive lung diseases and their route of administration

Answer 4

Ipratropium and tiotropium. Adm inhalational

Question 5

Uroselective parasympatholytic blockers (4 drugs)

Answer 5

Tolterodine.
Darifenacin.
Solifenacin.
Trospium.

Question 6

Dicyclomine - indications

Answer 6

Irritable bowel syndrome - relieve intestinal cramping

Question 7

Uroselective muscarinic receptor antagonists - indications

Answer 7

Overreactive bladder (urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, incontinence)

Question 8

Oxybutynin - indications

Answer 8

Overreactive bladder

Question 9

Glycopyrrolate - indications

Answer 9

Preoperatively (inhibit salivary and respiratory secretions).
Anesthesia (inhibit secretory and vagal effects of cholinesterase inhibitors).
Reduce chronic severe drooling in pts 3-16 years (e.g. cerebral palsy).

Question 10

Tropicamide - indications and adm

Answer 10

Adm topical ocular as mydriatic drug for examination of peripheral retina.

Question 11

Pirenzepine - MOA

Answer 11

Selectively inhibits M1 receptors on paracrine cells and inhibits release of histamine.

Question 12

Pirenzepine - indications

Answer 12

Peptic ulcers