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MUS 139 [Spring 2013] > MUS 139 Vocabulary > Flashcards

MUS 139 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Name and define all time periods in classical music.

[M] Mighty
[R] Reef
[B] Bats
[C] Catch
[R] Robot
[M] Monsters
A 
Middle Ages: 400 - 1450
Renaissance: 1450 - 1600
Baroque: 1600 - 1750
Classical: 1750 - 1825
Romantic: 1825 - 1900
Modern: 1900 - present
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2
Q

melody

A

Succession of single TONES or PITCHES perceived by the mind as a unity.

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3
Q

contour

A

The overall shape of a melodic line. It can move upward, downward, or remain static.

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4
Q

range

A

Distance between the lowest and highest TONES of a MELODY, an instrument, or a voice.

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5
Q

interval

A

Distance and relationship between two PITCHES.

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6
Q

conjunct

A

Smooth, connected MELODY that moves principally by small INTERVALS.

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7
Q

disjunct

A

Disjointed or disconnected melody with many leaps.

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8
Q

phrase

A

Musical unit; often a component of a MELODY.

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9
Q

cadence

A

Resting place in a musical PHRASE; music punctuation.

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10
Q

countermelody

A

An accompanying MELODY sounded against the principal MELODY.

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11
Q

rhythm

A

The controlled movement of music in time.

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12
Q

meter

A

Organization of rhythm in time; the grouping of BEATS into larger, regular patterns, notated as MEASURES.

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13
Q

measure

A

Rhythmic group or metrical unit that contains a fixed number of BEATS, divided on the musical staff by bar lines.

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14
Q

beat

A

Regular pulsation; a basic unit of length in musical time.

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15
Q

downbeat

A

First BEAT of the MEASURE, the strongest in any METER.

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16
Q

simple meter

A

Grouping of RHYTHMS in which the BEAT is subdivided into two, as in duple, triple, and quadruple meters.

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17
Q

compound meter

A

METER in which each beat is subdivided into three rather then two.

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18
Q

upbeat

A

Last BEAT of a MEASURE, a weak BEAT, which anticipates the DOWNBEAT.

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19
Q

offbeat

A

A weak BEAT or any pulse between the beats in a measured rhythmic pattern.

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20
Q

syncopation

A

Deliberate upsetting of the METER or pulse through a temporary shifting of the ACCENT to a weak BEAT or an OFFBEAT.

21
Q

polyrhythm

A

The simultaneous use of several rhythmic patterns or METERS, common in twentieth-century music and in certain African musics.

22
Q

nonmetric

A

Music lacking a strong sense of BEAT or METER, common in certain non-Western cultures.

23
Q

Name and define the three layers of listening.

[S] Slacking
[E] Every
[M] Monday

A

SENSUAL: Listening to music while unengaged. You are playing music as background noise.

EXPRESSIVE: Listening to music while interpreting the artists meaning. What story does the music tell?

MUSICAL: Listening to music while analyzing its musical components. What is the melody, rhythm, harmony, and other elements?

24
Q

harmony

A

The simultaneous combination of notes and the ensuing relationships of INTERVALS and CHORDS.

25
Q

chord

A

Simultaneous combination of three or more TONES that constitute a single block of HARMONY.

26
Q

scale

A

Series of tones in ascending or descending order; may present the notes of a KEY.

27
Q

triad

A

Common CHORD type, consisting of three PITCHES built on alternate TONES of the SCALE (e.g. steps 1 - 3 - 5, or do - mi - sol).

28
Q

major scale

A

Scale consisting of seven different tones that comprise a specific pattern of WHOLE and HALF STEPS. It differs from a MINOR SCALE primarily in that its third degree is raised half a step.

29
Q

minor scale

A

SCALE consisting of seven different TONES that comprise a specific of WHOLE and HALF STEPS. It differs from the MAJOR SCALE primarily in that its third degree is lowered half a step.

30
Q

tonality

A

Principle of organization around a TONIC, or home, PITCH, based on a major or minor SCALE.

31
Q

tonic

A

The first note of the SCALE or KEY, “do.” Also KEYNOTE.

32
Q

dissonance

A

Combination of tones that sounds discordant and unstable, in need of a resolution.

33
Q

consonance

A

Concordant or harmonious combination of TONES that provides a sense of relaxation and stability in music.

34
Q

octave

A

INTERVAL between two tones seven diatonic pitches apart; the lower note vibrates half as fast as the upper and sounds an octave lower.

35
Q

half step

A

Smallest INTERVAL used in the Western system; the OCTAVE divides into twelve such INTERVALS; on the PIANO, the distance between any two adjacent keys, weather black or white. Also SEMITONE.

36
Q

whole step

A

Interval consisting of two HALF STEPS, or SEMITONES.

37
Q

chromatic

A

MELODY or HARMONY built from many if not all twelve semitones of the OCTAVE. A CHROMATIC SCALE consists of an ascending or descending sequence of SEMITONES.

38
Q

diatonic

A

MELODY or HARMONY built from the seven tones of a MAJOR or MINOR SCALE. A diatonic scale encompasses patterns of seven WHOLE TONES and SEMITONES.

39
Q

sharp

A

Musical symbol (#) that indicates raising a pitch by a SEMITONE.

40
Q

flat

A

Musical symbol (b) that indicates lowering a pitch by a SEMITONE.

41
Q

microtone

A

Musical interval smaller then a SEMITONE, prevalent in some non-Western musics and in some twentieth-century art music.

42
Q

tonic chord

A

TRIAD built on the first scale TONE, the I chord.

43
Q

active chords

A

In the DIATONIC system, chords which need to resolve to the TONIC CHORD. These include the DOMINANT CHORD and the SUBDOMINANT CHORD.

44
Q

dominant chord

A

CHORD built on the fifth scale step, the V chord.

45
Q

subdominant chord

A

CHORD built on the fourth scale step, the IV chord.

46
Q

transposition

A

Shifting a piece of music to a different pitch level.

47
Q

key

A

Defines the relationship of TONES with a common center or TONIC. Also a lever on a keyboard or woodwind.

48
Q

modulation

A

The process of changing from one KEY to another.

49
Q

Name all four musical voice ranges.

[S] Susan
[A] Always
[T] Toots
[B] Brazenly

A

Soprano
Alto
Tenor
Bass

MUS 139 [Spring 2013] (2 decks)

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