murmus

Question 1

ejection systolic louder on expiration

Answer 1

aortic stenosis
HOCM

Question 2

ejection systolic louder on inspiration

Answer 2

Pulmonary stenosis
Atrial septal defect

Question 3

pansystolic(holosytolic)

Answer 3

mitral/tricuspid regurgitation (high-pitched and ‘blowing’ in character)
VSD

Question 4

does tricuspid regurg/mitral stenosis get louder on inspiration

Answer 4

tricuspid regurgitation becomes louder during inspiration, unlike mitral stenosis

during inspiration, the venous blood flow into the right atrium and ventricle are increased → increases the stroke volume of the right ventricle during systole
ventricular septal defect (‘harsh’ in character)

Question 5

Late systolic

Answer 5

mitral valve prolapse
coarctation of aorta

Question 6

early diastolic

Answer 6

aortic regurgitation (high-pitched and ‘blowing’ in character)
Graham-Steel murmur (pulmonary regurgitation, again high-pitched and ‘blowing’ in character)

Question 7

mid-late diastolic

Answer 7

mitral stenosis (‘rumbling’ in character)
Austin-Flint murmur (severe aortic regurgitation, again is ‘rumbling’ in character)

Question 8

continuous machinery like murmur

Answer 8

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 9

how to remember which murmur is louder

Answer 9

RILE
Right-sided murmur → heard best on Inspiration
Left-sided murmur → heard best on Expiration