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Municipal Wastewater Treatment Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the percentage of Land?

A

29%

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2
Q

What is the percentage of Water?

A

71%

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3
Q

What is the percentage of sea water?

A

97.5%

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4
Q

What is the percentage of fresh water?

A

2.5%

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5
Q

What is the percentage of ground water?

A

30%

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6
Q

What is the percentage of glaciers and ice caps?

A

69%

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7
Q

Why treat water

A
  • Remove contaminants and pathogens in water to a level that is safe for
    humans to drink.
  • Improve the appearance and taste (palatable).
  • Treatment depends on the water quality or source.
  • Philippine National Standard for Drinking Water (PNSDW 2017)
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8
Q

In 1990, DENR issued two Administrative Orders:

A

▪ DAO No. 34: Revised water usage and classification water quality criteria
▪ DAO No. 35: Revised effluent regulations

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9
Q

It classifies water bodies according to its use and hence determines how much the
wastewater should be treated before discharged.

A

DAO 2016-08

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10
Q

It sets the limits for pollutants of concern, depending on the classification of the water
body where the treated wastewater is intended to be discharged

A

DAO 2016-08

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11
Q

Represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms to decompose
organic matter under aerobic conditions.

A

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

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12
Q

This is the “food” for the microorganisms.

A

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

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13
Q

Amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize compounds in water

A

CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD)

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14
Q

is often measured using a strong oxidant such as Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7
) or
Potassium Permanganate (KMNO4).

A

CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD)

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15
Q

It is the amount of particulate matter, that is not soluble nor settleable, in
a sample of water that can be trapped by a 0.45 µm filter.

A

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

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16
Q

Can increase turbidity in a water body

A

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

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17
Q

Bound nitrogen in organic matter

A

Organic nitrogen

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18
Q

Results from the breakdown of proteins and amino acids

A

ammonia

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19
Q

Comes from fertilizer in runoff from fertilized lawns, cropland, etc.

A

Nitrates (NO3-) and Nitrites (NO2-)

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20
Q

Causes excess algae growth in rivers and streams (eutrophication) which leads
to DO depletion.

A

Nitrates (NO3-) and Nitrites (NO2-)

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21
Q

From detergents, Causes excess algae growth in rivers and streams and Excess algae can deplete oxygen

A

phosphates

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22
Q

From human and animal feces. Also referred to as thermotolerant coliform bacteria

A

coliforms

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23
Q

Can endanger seafood supply and causes many diseases and illnesses like typhoid fever, hepatitis, gastroenteritis, and dysenter

A

coliforms

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24
Q

Can coat animals and plants suffocating them by oxygen depletion

A

FAT, OIL & GREASE (FOG)

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25
Can clog pipelines and sewers and normally removed by grease traps from the source itself.
FAT, OIL & GREASE (FOG)
26
Heart of the treatment process
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
27
Removes organic loading in the wastewater
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
28
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT Technology:
o Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) o Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) o Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)
29
Organisms that use organic compounds as energy and carbon source for synthesis.
* Heterotrophs
30
Use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and oxidize inorganic compound for energy
* Autotrophs
31
there is presence of dissolved oxygen
Aerobic
32
no dissolved oxygen (source of oxygen is bound oxygen like NO3- and NO2-)
Anoxic
33
no dissolved oxygen and very little bound oxygen
Anaerobic
34
Humans and animals are examples of?
* Heterotrophs
35
Plants are examples of
* Autotrophs
36
Separates the biomass from the flow, concentrating it at the bottom of the tank.
CLARIFICATION (SECONDARY)
37
Removal of solids and other non-settleable material by releasing dissolved air at the bottom of the tank.
DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION
38
Neutralization of charges using a chemical (coagulant) to allow non-settleable solids to from clumps (flocs).
* Coagulation
39
Formation of bigger particles under quiescent conditions with the aid of a chemical (flocculant)
* Flocculation
40
Kills pathogens
DISINFECTION
41
DISINFECTION METHODS:
o Chlorination o UV o Ozonation
42
Reduces the amount of organic matter and the number of disease-causing microorganisms present in the solids
SLUDGE DIGESTION
43
Reduces sludge water content for ease in handling and disposal
SLUDGE DEWATERING
44
SLUDGE DEWATERING TYPICAL SOLIDS CONTENT:
18-25%
45
Combines biological treatment and clarification in a single tank that is operated batchwise
SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR)
46
STEPS IN SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR)
-FILL -REACT (AERATE) - REACT (NO AERATION) - SETTLE - DECANT - SLUDGE WASTING
47
Similar to activated sludge process but uses plastic carriers (media) to increase the number of microorganisms available to treat the wastewater.
MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR
48
To grow, microbial cells must be able to take in energy and carbon compounds from the environment.
Microbiology - Physiology
49
Microbiology - Physiology: According to the energy source
o Chemicals (chemotroph) o Light (phototroph)
50
Microbiology - Physiology: According to the electron donor (food)
o Organic compound (organotroph) o Inorganic compound (lithotroph)
51
Microbiology - Physiology: According to carbon source
o Organic compound (heterotroph) o Carbon dioxide (autotroph)
52
Organisms that obtain energy from chemical reactions to make food.
Chemotrophs
53
main production metabolism of chemotrophs
Chemosynthesis
54
Organisms that use energy from sun to convert water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air into glucose.
Phototrophs
55
main production metabolism of phototrophs
Photosynthesis
56
Organisms that obtain energy from organic substrates
Organotrophs
57
Organisms that can produce metabolically useful energy by processes that depend on the oxidation of inorganic compounds.
Lithotrophs
58
Organisms that rely on consuming other organisms in the food chain.
Heterotroph
59
Organisms able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
Autotrophs
60
They produce their own food for energy.
Autotrophs
61
They eat other organisms to get proteins and energy.
Heterotroph

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