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INMAWAN > Municipal Wastewater Treatment > Flashcards

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the percentage of Land?

A

29%

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2
Q

What is the percentage of Water?

A

71%

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3
Q

What is the percentage of sea water?

A

97.5%

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4
Q

What is the percentage of fresh water?

A

2.5%

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5
Q

What is the percentage of ground water?

A

30%

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6
Q

What is the percentage of glaciers and ice caps?

A

69%

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7
Q

Why treat water

A
  • Remove contaminants and pathogens in water to a level that is safe for
    humans to drink.
  • Improve the appearance and taste (palatable).
  • Treatment depends on the water quality or source.
  • Philippine National Standard for Drinking Water (PNSDW 2017)
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8
Q

In 1990, DENR issued two Administrative Orders:

A

▪ DAO No. 34: Revised water usage and classification water quality criteria
▪ DAO No. 35: Revised effluent regulations

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9
Q

It classifies water bodies according to its use and hence determines how much the
wastewater should be treated before discharged.

A

DAO 2016-08

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10
Q

It sets the limits for pollutants of concern, depending on the classification of the water
body where the treated wastewater is intended to be discharged

A

DAO 2016-08

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11
Q

Represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms to decompose
organic matter under aerobic conditions.

A

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

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12
Q

This is the “food” for the microorganisms.

A

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

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13
Q

Amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize compounds in water

A

CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD)

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14
Q

is often measured using a strong oxidant such as Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7
) or
Potassium Permanganate (KMNO4).

A

CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD)

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15
Q

It is the amount of particulate matter, that is not soluble nor settleable, in
a sample of water that can be trapped by a 0.45 µm filter.

A

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

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16
Q

Can increase turbidity in a water body

A

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

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17
Q

Bound nitrogen in organic matter

A

Organic nitrogen

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18
Q

Results from the breakdown of proteins and amino acids

A

ammonia

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19
Q

Comes from fertilizer in runoff from fertilized lawns, cropland, etc.

A

Nitrates (NO3-) and Nitrites (NO2-)

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20
Q

Causes excess algae growth in rivers and streams (eutrophication) which leads
to DO depletion.

A

Nitrates (NO3-) and Nitrites (NO2-)

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21
Q

From detergents, Causes excess algae growth in rivers and streams and Excess algae can deplete oxygen

A

phosphates

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22
Q

From human and animal feces. Also referred to as thermotolerant coliform bacteria

A

coliforms

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23
Q

Can endanger seafood supply and causes many diseases and illnesses like typhoid fever, hepatitis, gastroenteritis, and dysenter

A

coliforms

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24
Q

Can coat animals and plants suffocating them by oxygen depletion

A

FAT, OIL & GREASE (FOG)

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25
Q

Can clog pipelines and sewers and normally removed by grease traps from the source itself.

A

FAT, OIL & GREASE (FOG)

26
Q

Heart of the treatment process

A

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

27
Q

Removes organic loading in the wastewater

A

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

28
Q

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT Technology:

A

o Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS)
o Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)
o Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)

29
Q

Organisms that use organic compounds as energy and carbon source for synthesis.

A
  • Heterotrophs
30
Q

Use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and oxidize inorganic compound for energy

A
  • Autotrophs
31
Q

there is presence of dissolved oxygen

A

Aerobic

32
Q

no dissolved oxygen (source of oxygen is bound oxygen like NO3- and NO2-)

A

Anoxic

33
Q

no dissolved oxygen and very little bound oxygen

A

Anaerobic

34
Q

Humans and animals are examples of?

A
  • Heterotrophs
35
Q

Plants are examples of

A
  • Autotrophs
36
Q

Separates the biomass from the flow, concentrating it at the bottom of the tank.

A

CLARIFICATION (SECONDARY)

37
Q

Removal of solids and other non-settleable material by releasing dissolved air at the bottom of the tank.

A

DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION

38
Q

Neutralization of charges using a chemical (coagulant) to allow non-settleable solids to from clumps
(flocs).

A
  • Coagulation
39
Q

Formation of bigger particles under quiescent conditions with the aid of a chemical (flocculant)

A
  • Flocculation
40
Q

Kills pathogens

A

DISINFECTION

41
Q

DISINFECTION METHODS:

A

o Chlorination
o UV
o Ozonation

42
Q

Reduces the amount of organic matter and the number of disease-causing microorganisms present in
the solids

A

SLUDGE DIGESTION

43
Q

Reduces sludge water content for ease in handling and disposal

A

SLUDGE DEWATERING

44
Q

SLUDGE DEWATERING TYPICAL SOLIDS CONTENT:

A

18-25%

45
Q

Combines biological treatment and clarification in a single tank that is operated batchwise

A

SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR)

46
Q

STEPS IN SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR)

A

-FILL
-REACT (AERATE)
- REACT (NO AERATION)
- SETTLE
- DECANT
- SLUDGE WASTING

47
Q

Similar to activated sludge process but uses plastic carriers (media) to increase the number of
microorganisms available to treat the wastewater.

A

MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR

48
Q

To grow, microbial cells must be able to take in energy and carbon
compounds from the environment.

A

Microbiology - Physiology

49
Q

Microbiology - Physiology: According to the energy source

A

o Chemicals (chemotroph)
o Light (phototroph)

50
Q

Microbiology - Physiology: According to the electron donor (food)

A

o Organic compound (organotroph)
o Inorganic compound (lithotroph)

51
Q

Microbiology - Physiology: According to carbon source

A

o Organic compound (heterotroph)
o Carbon dioxide (autotroph)

52
Q

Organisms that obtain energy from chemical reactions to make food.

A

Chemotrophs

53
Q

main production metabolism of chemotrophs

A

Chemosynthesis

54
Q

Organisms that use energy from sun to convert water from the soil and
carbon dioxide from the air into glucose.

A

Phototrophs

55
Q

main production metabolism of phototrophs

A

Photosynthesis

56
Q

Organisms that obtain energy from organic substrates

A

Organotrophs

57
Q

Organisms that can produce metabolically useful energy by processes that
depend on the oxidation of inorganic compounds.

A

Lithotrophs

58
Q

Organisms that rely on consuming other organisms in the food chain.

A

Heterotroph

59
Q

Organisms able to form nutritional organic substances from simple
inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

A

Autotrophs

60
Q

They produce their own food for energy.

A

Autotrophs

61
Q

They eat other organisms to get proteins and energy.

A

Heterotroph

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