Munari lecture 1 Flashcards
How does elevated partial pressure of CO2 in sea water (Hypercapnia) impact marine organisms?
- Decreased calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation which affects calcification rates
- Disturbance to acid-base (metabolic) physiology
What do we see in this picture?
- On the left:
Actively swimming pteropod in sea water with low surface CO2 conditions that preserve the shell with no dissolution - On the right:
Pteropod showing difficulties swimming. Partially dissolved shell after exposure to elevated CO2 conditions for 2 weeks
How is distribution of assimilated energy determined?
Through natural selection by a set of heritable allocation ‘rules’
When has the limit of phenotypic plasticity been reached?
When a population responds to a toxicant through adaptation, this may also entail potentially negative impacts. How?
- Loss genetic variability due to directional selection
- Fitness cost
- The species is very abundant and widely distributed in temperate, subarctic, and Arctic waters
- contributes more than one-third of the total
zooplankton biomass in the North Atlantic
Case study on the effects of increasing pCO2 on P. acuspes. What are the effects on egg production and clutch size?
- After two generations eggs production
were significantly depressed by high pCO2 levels - No differences in eggs diameters
among populations - Significant differences in clutch
size among treatments
Were the effects on egg production rate and clutch size fully reversible?
- fully reversible between 400 and 900 μatm CO2
- Not reversible between 400 and 1550 μatm CO2
What are the effects on oxygen consumption? (Copepod case study)
Were the effects on oxygen consumption reversible?
- Respiration rates were fully reversible
between 400 and 900 μatm CO2 - Not reversible between 400 and 1500 μatm CO2
Results copepod case study (transgenerational effects)
What are other examples where transgenerational effects decreased negative effects?
