Multiple Sclerosis Pathology Flashcards
What is MS and what type of disease is it categorized as?
Its a degernative inflammatory disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, demyelination and axonal injury
What is the leading cause of non-traumatic neurologic disability in young adults?
MS
When does sxs onset occur in MS?
20-50 y.o.
Who are more prone to MS: Men or Women?
Women (2-3x)
What crosses the BBB to attack the mylein of axons in MS?
activated t-cells and other immune cells
What are some proposed etiologies of MS?
genetic, environmental (viral infections), behabiors factors such as smoking and body weight
What are the most common symptoms of MS?
non-specific: vision or paresthesias; gait, pain spasticitiy etc
What are some secondary symptoms of MS?
UTI, urinary calculi, osterporosis, respiratiory infections, etc
Tertiary symptoms of MS?
finacial probelms, vocational, emotional, etc
Prognostic indicatiors in MS include:
age at onset (male), inital sxs (optic neuritis>motor or cerebellar sxs), attack frequency (low>high), course of disease (relapsing remitting>progressive)
What is RRMS?
Relapsing-remitting MS - most common - comes and goes;
What is SPMS
Secondary-progressive MS; slow and steady irreversible neurologic dysfunction that occurs with or without attacks
What is a replase?
worsening of preexisting sxs or onset of new sxs for periods >48hrs w/0 fever = relapses
about ____ of pts with RRMS transistion ot SPMS
50%
What is PPMS
Primary progressive MS - continuous neurologic decline from the DISEASE ONSET w/o distinct attacks;
What is PRMS?
Where pt is progressively getting worse, and also has distinct attacks, different than RRMS because in RRMS the pt goes back to almost normal fucntion; this person just continues to decline from the very beginning
What are the two compontents of McDonald Criteria for Diagnosing MS?
dissemination of lesions in both Spance and TIme (30 day separtation of exacerbation and 2 distinct lesions) or one exacerbation with CSF finding
Rebif
INF-B 1a SC injection of 22 or 44mcg for RRMS
Avonex
IFN-B 1a IM 30mcg injection for RRMS
Betaseron/Extavia
IFN-B 1b SC 250mcg QOD for RRMS
Interferon B 1a
Avonex(IM), Rebif(SC)
Interferon B 1b
Betaseron/Extavia
Glatiramer acetate
Copaxone - 1st line RRMS
Fingolimod
Gilenya -RRMS
Teriflunomide
Ambagio - RRMS
Natalizumab
Tysabri
Mitoxantone
Novantone
dalfampridine
Ampyra - for improving movement
