Multiple Sclerosis

Question 1

What is the definition of Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 1

Chronic + Progressive inflammatory demyelination of neurones presenting in young adults + Females

Question 2

What is the 4 stage process of Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 2

1) Infiltration of immune cells on Central NS attacking ==> Oligodendrocytes
2) Attacking of myelin leading to episodes ==> Optic Neuritis
3) Re-myelination can lead to scarring in early disease
4) Reoccurrence that leads to lesions occurring that are “disseminated in time and space”

Question 3

What are 3 general causes of MS

Answer 3

EBV

Genetics / FH

Smoking

Question 4

What is the most common symptom in MS

Answer 4

Demyelination of Optic nerve + Loss of vision in eye

Optic Neuritis

Question 5

double vision in MS is a lesion to what?

What is this called

Answer 5

CN6 (abducens)

Internuclear Opthalmoplegia

Question 6

What 2 focal symptoms can occur in MS

Answer 6

Focal Weakness ==> Horner’s Syndrome

Focal Sensory Symptoms ==> Trigeminal Neuralgia

Question 7

What symptom is uncoordinated movements that are abnormal that can present in MS

Answer 7

Ataxia

Question 8

What are the 2 patterns of disease in MS

Answer 8

Relapsing - Remitting (“Disseminated in time + Space”)

Secondary Progressive (no spaces just recurrent attacks)

Question 9

What drug can be given in MS that induces Long term remission

Answer 9

Methylprednisolone

Question 10

What symptomatic treatment can be given in MS to deal with neuropathic pain

Answer 10

Gabapentin

Question 11

What are the 5 group of symptoms / signs in MS

Answer 11

Optic neuritis

Double Vision

Focal Weakness

Focal Sensory Symptoms

Ataxia