Multiple Choice Study for Midterms

Question 1

Christian empire that controlled the eastern Mediterranean when Muhammad was born

Answer 1

The Byzantine Empire

Question 2

The city in which Muhammad was born

Answer 2

Mecca

Question 3

Term for the memories and traditions that make up our knowledge of Muhammed’s life

Answer 3

Hadith

Question 4

Uncle of Muhammad who protected him when he was orphaned

Answer 4

Abu Bakr

Question 5

Widow who married Muhammed and became the first Muslim

Answer 5

Khadijah

Question 6

Term for the book in which the revelations to Muhammad from G-d are compiled

Answer 6

Qur’an

Question 7

Christian kingdom where Muhammad first sent some of his followers to escape persecution at Mecca

Answer 7

Ethiopia

Question 8

The city that requested Muhammad’s help to settle a dispute, that became home to his followers and became known as Medina

Answer 8

Yathrib

Question 9

Terms for the community of Muslims that emerged at Medina under Muhammad’s leadership

Answer 9

Umma

Question 10

The name for the flight to Medina which marks the first year in Islam

Answer 10

Hijra

Question 11

First of the “rightly guided” caliphs to succeed Muhammad after his death

Answer 11

Abu Bakr

Question 12

Caliph who was the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad

Answer 12

Ali ibn Abu-Talib

Question 13

Majority sect in Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world

Answer 13

Sunni

Question 14

Arab caliphate founded by Mu’awiyah that replaced the Rashidun caliphs.

Answer 14

Umayyad

Question 15

Ethnic group that grew in prominence under the ‘Abbasids

Answer 15

Persians

Question 16

Mathematician who developed algebra in Kitab al-Jabr wa-l-maqabala

Answer 16

al-Khwarzimi

Question 17

Shi’ite caliphate that captured Baghdad and ruled the eastern portion of the former ‘Abbasid empire

Answer 17

Buyid

Question 18

Isma’ili Shi’ite caliphate that ruled Egypt, Syria, and Northern Africa and founded Cairo

Answer 18

Fatimid

Question 19

Religious group that believes that YHWH resides on Mount Gerizim near Nablus

Answer 19

Samaritans

Question 20

Religious group that accepts the biblical patriarchs but rejects Moses while claiming that John the Baptist is their chief prophet

Answer 20

Mandaeans

Question 21

Religious group that believes in a single creator G-d who appointed seven angels to manage creation

Answer 21

Yazidis

Question 22

Religious group accepted as a Shi’ite sect. (The Assad family belongs to this group)

Answer 22

Alawites

Question 23

Name of religious group that believes that the Fatimid Caliph, Al-Hakim, was G-d incarnate

Answer 23

Druze

Question 24

Name for the system of religious law in Islam

Answer 24

Shari’a

Question 25

Sunni “rite” of codified law that utilizes a strict interpreation of the Qur’an and is the basis for law in Saudi Arabia today

Answer 25

Hanbali

Question 26

Sejuq Sultan who defeated Romanos IV at the battle of Manzikert in 1071

Answer 26

Alp Arslan

Question 27

Class of slave soldiers who overthrew the Ayyubid Dynasty and controlled Egypt until 1517

Answer 27

Mamluks

Question 28

Mongol dynasty in Iran founded by Hulugu Khan

Answer 28

il-Khanid

Question 29

Turkic chieftain who toppled the il-Khanid Empire and made Samarkand his capital

Answer 29

Tamurlane

Question 30

Byzantine city that had limited Ottoman Turkish expansion into southeastern Europe but fell in 1453

Answer 30

Constantinople

Question 31

Name for the Turkish levies that took Christian boys into the service of the Sultan

Answer 31

devishrime

Question 32

Name given to the elite slave soldiers of the Sultan

Answer 32

janissaries

Question 33

Ottoman Sultan who captured Constantinople

Answer 33

Mehmed II

Question 34

Greatest of the Safavid rulers who modernize the army and made Isfahan his capital

Answer 34

Shah Abbas I

Question 35

Ottoman Sultan at the height of Ottoman power. He defeated Hungary at the battle of Mohacs in 1526 and put Vienna under siege in 1529

Answer 35

Suleiman the Magnificent

Question 36

Islamic sect that inspired a Saudi revolt against the Ottoman Empire in 1811

Answer 36

Wahhabis

Question 37

Technology that the Ottoman Sultan permitted into the Empire in 1729 but then shut down in 1742

Answer 37

Printing Press

Question 38

Albanian soldier who gained control of Egypt, created a modern army, and navy, and fought wars on behalf of the Ottoman Sultan

Answer 38

Muhammad Ali

Question 39

Egyptian officer who lead an 1882 revolt that was put down by the British

Answer 39

Urabi

Question 40

British lord appointed Controller General of Egypt after the 1882 revolt

Answer 40

Cromer

Question 41

Leader of the ward party who petitioned the British for permission to attend negotiations at Versalles. He would be the first prime minister of Egypt

Answer 41

Sa’d Zaghlul Pasha

Question 42

Village where British officers caused a riot after shooting a prayer-leader’s wife while engaged in a hunting party

Answer 42

Dinishawi

Question 43

Hashemite whom the British installed on the Iraqi throne as the first king of Iraq

Answer 43

Faysal bin-Hussein

Question 44

Name for the reforms instituted in the Ottoman Empire from 1839-1876

Answer 44

Tanzimat

Question 45

Revolt led by Ottoman officers in 1908 that tried to institute a constitutional monarchy

Answer 45

Young Turk Revolution