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Material Selection In Design > Multiple choice > Flashcards

Multiple choice Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Weideman Franz Law

A

Thermal conductivity is linearly related to electric resistivity. The lower the electric resistivity the higher the thermal conductivity

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2
Q

What determines the density of a material?

A

Atomic weight, Atomic size, Packing density

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3
Q

What determines the modulus of a material?

A

Interatomic bonds and packing density

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4
Q

What is young modulus

A

The ability the withstand changes in length when under tension or compression

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5
Q

What are the three types of bonding

A

Covalent, ionic and van de warl

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6
Q

How to change the modulus?

A

Change interatomic bonds (inorganic vs organic materials)

Architecture

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7
Q

Density definition and units

A

mass over volume

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8
Q

Modulus of Steel

A

207GPA

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9
Q

Three ways to make a metal stronger

A

Solid solution hardening, precipitation hardening, work hardening

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10
Q

What is quenching and tempering

A

Heat treating techniques and tempering. learn about this

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11
Q

What is a thermoplastic

A

You can heat it up and reheat. Has comparatively poor thermal properties. Nylonms, Polyethelene, ABS, PET, polypropylene

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12
Q

What does abs stand for?

A

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

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13
Q

Thermosetting plastics?

A

Unsaturated polyester, polymerise to form a three dimensional network that cannot be melted

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14
Q

How are plastic bags made?

A

Extrusion film blowing

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15
Q

How is a pole volt made

A

Filament winding

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16
Q

What are plastic bottles made from? and why?

A

Polyethalene terapthalen PET, because the carbon dioxide cannot escape from it. Stretching it in the blow moulding process aligns the crystals and makes it crystalline

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17
Q

Tyres have a butile inner liner why?

A

To keep air in

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18
Q

How is a shampoo bottle made

A

Extrusion blow moulding process

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19
Q

How to make flat sheet of polymer

A

extrusion

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20
Q

What does anisotropic mean?

A

It means that the strength is only in one direction (important for composites)

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21
Q

What do the conditions for thermosetting composites need to be?

A

The resin for the matrix needs to be low viscosity. Resin needs to flow and combine with solid fibres easily. Fibres are available in different forms. Matrix undergoes a curing reaction. Unsaturated polyesters, vinyl esters, epoxies, furanes and urethane acrylates

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22
Q

What is continuous roving in glass fibres?

A

cheap and consists of thousands of fibres that can be aligned

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23
Q

What are chopped glass fibre mats?

A

For low cost random fibre composites

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24
Q

What are woven fabrics?

A

High volume fraction and better properties?

25
Q

What are the three ways to harden metals?

A
  1. SOLID SOLUTION STRENGTHENING 2. Precipitate or dispersion hardening. 3. Work- hardening
26
Q

What is an interstitial alloy?

A

Where the solute fits into the spaces between the atoms of the crystal

27
Q

What is a substitutional alloy?

A

The solute replaces atoms of the solvent crystal

28
Q

What is hardness

A

resist abrasion, wear, scratching, penetration

29
Q

What is toughness?

A

Toughness is the measure of the amount of the load or force that a material can absorb before fracture

30
Q

What is toughness?

A

Toughness is the measure of the amount of the load or force that a material can absorb before fracture j/m squared

31
Q

What is specific modulus?

A

Modulus/Density

32
Q

What does cold working do to a metal?

A

Makes it stiff hard and strong

33
Q

What is Modulus?

A

Modulus is stress/strain and can be young modulus, shear modulus or bulk modulus (when loaded from all sides)

34
Q

What is tri-axial compression?

A

Also known as hydrostatic compression, it involves no shear but can result in overall volume change

35
Q

What is tri-axial compression?

A

Also known as hydrostatic compression, it involves no shear but can result in overall volume change. Shear stresses on some planes result in plastic deformation forcing it into the desired shape.

36
Q

What is annealing?

A

Where you heat a metal up to a certain temperature and then cool it slowly

37
Q

What are good materials for seals? ceramics

A

Alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride

38
Q

What are good materials for seals? ceramics

A

Alumina (aluminium oxide), silicon carbide, silicon nitride

39
Q

What would you make a turbine stator from?

A

Silicon carbide, silicon nitride

40
Q

What do you use to make a heat sink

A

Aluminium Nitride because it doesn’t conduct electricity

41
Q

What are the three types of ceramics?

A

Structural, electrical and biological

42
Q

What are the key properties of Furnace insulation

A

Low thermal conductivity, High temperature stability

43
Q

Key properties of miniature capacitors

A

High polarisability, high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss

44
Q

Key properties of miniature capacitors and materials

A

High polarisability, high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, titanates

45
Q

What would you make a ball bearing from

A

Silicon Nitrate for high temperature and high load

46
Q

What would you make a transducer from?

A

Lead Zirconate Titronate

47
Q

For grinding materials what do you use? and for high temperature nozzles

A

A ceramic

48
Q

What are the three welding processes

A

Electron Beam welding, Gas-tungsten arc welding, Shielded metal arc welding.

49
Q

What are the three points on the magic triangle for tyre design?

A

Rolling resistance, wear resistance, wet traction.

50
Q

What is phase lag?

A

It is the measure of the phase difference between the applied stress and the measured strain

51
Q

What should be maximised for light tie rod?

A

stress/density

52
Q

Disadvantages when using resin transfer moulding

A

Firbe movment results in lower strength and stiffness than contact moulding

53
Q

A full life cycle analysis can reveal which element of a specific product’s life has the greatest environmental impact. Using the specific example of a 2 litre PET bottle used to package and transport water from France to the UK, which of the following life phases will consume the greatest amount of energy and consequently produce the greatest amount of CO2?

A

The production of the material

54
Q

Which of the following statements about the electrical resistivity of copper are true?

A

The electrical resistivity increases by adding a small amount of an alloying
element such as nickel.

55
Q

Which of the following processing facilities are most often used to recycle scrap steel into new steel products?
a. Blast furnace

A

electric arc furnace

56
Q

Which of the following is the correct expression used to calculate the fracture toughness KC of a material? In this equation c is the crack length, Y is a dimensionless constant that depends upon the loading configuration and c is the fracture stress.

A

KcYc πc

57
Q

What is yield strength?

A

The yield strength point is the point on a stress-strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning plastic behavior.

58
Q

Which of the following are reasons for using powder processes to make metal components?

A

Unusual microstructures that cannot easily be cast can be produced.

59
Q

Which of the following is present in a solid solution strengthened interstitial metal alloy?

A

The solute atoms fit into spaces between the solvent atoms, which distorts the
lattice.

Material Selection In Design (1 decks)

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