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PSYC 1F90 > Multiple Choice > Flashcards

Multiple Choice Flashcards

1
Q

The electrical charge of an inactive neuron is called its…

A

resting poential

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2
Q

Instead of passing down the length of the axon, action potentials leap from gap-to-gap using a process known as ________.

A

saltatory conduction

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3
Q

portion of peripheral nervous system that controls “vegetative: functions such as heart rate and digestion

A

Autonomic system

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4
Q

Placing a hand on a hot burner, the heat stimulus is transmitted to the spinal cord rather than the brain, provoking the automatic response of removing the hand from the heat source.This illustrates the effect of the

A

reflex arc

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5
Q

most detailed 3D image of the brain is produced by

A

MRI

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6
Q

neuropsychological research technique that measures the waves of electricity produced near the surface of the brain

A

EEG

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7
Q

in a split-brain operation to control epilepsy, what is severed?

A

corpus callosum

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8
Q

increase in sixe and wrinkling of the cerebral cortex in higher animans compared to lower animals is ______

A

corticalization

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9
Q

an aphasia is______

A

an impaired ability to use language

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10
Q

Evidence suggests that men’s and women’s brains are specialized in different ways. An examination of Broca’s area revealed that

A

women are more likely to use both hemispheres

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11
Q

Phineas Gage is an example of how damage to the _____ impacts personality and emotional state

A

prefrontal cortex

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12
Q

What part of the forebrain is referred to as the “switching station” for sensory messages on their way to the cortex?

A

thalamus

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13
Q

the doctor damaged a portion of the limbic system such that Andy has difficulty controlling his fear and anger emotions. The part of the limbic system mainly responsible for this ability is the

A

amygdala

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14
Q

The ________ acts as a bridge between the medulla and other areas of the brain.

A

pons

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15
Q

Which portion of the limbic system is important in forming lasting memories

A

hippocampus

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16
Q

____ - handed people are better at visualizing three-dimensional objects

A

left

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17
Q

in ________, physical energy is measured and related to what we experience as sensations.

A

psychophysics

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18
Q

The minimum difference between two stimuli that is detectable is known as the _______

A

difference threshold

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19
Q

Jane noticed small flashes of light after she closed her eyes at night. Such visual sensations caused by the mechanical excitation of the retina are known as ________.

A

phosphenes

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20
Q

What small cup-shaped area in the retina contains only cones and is associated with the sharpest vision?

A

Fovea

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21
Q

The ________ theory states that vision analyzes colors into “either-or” messages.

A

opponent process

22
Q

excessive wax buildup, which significantly reduced the transfer of vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear. This example illustrates ________ hearing loss.

A

conductive

23
Q

Olfaction and gestation are known as the ________ senses.

A

chemical

24
Q

Many experts now believe that a fifth taste quality exists. What Japanese word is used to describe the taste receptors that are sensitive to glutamate?

A

Umami

25
Q

What sensory system is associated with maintaining balance?

A

vestibular

26
Q

A bottleneck theory is another term that describes ________ attention.

A

selective

27
Q

The continuously dripping faucet in the bathroom at night is known to draw attention because it is ________.

A

repetitious

28
Q

Which of the following is a binocular depth cue?

A

convergence

29
Q

bias in our ability to recognize people from other races is known as the ________ effect.

A

other-race

30
Q

________ often lead us to see what we expect to see

A

perceptual sets

31
Q

On the Fourth of July, Willie could almost see his entire name when he wrote it in the air with a “sparkler.” This fleeting mental image represents which type of memory?

A

sensory memory

32
Q

________ determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory.

A

selective attention

33
Q

George Miller’s “magic number”, average number of “bits” of information that short-term memory can usually handle.

A

7

34
Q

Which of the following techniques might be used to “jog” the memory of an eyewitness?

A

cognitive interview

35
Q

Research by Loftus and Palmer (1974) suggests that when new long-term memories are stored, older memories are ________.

A

revised

36
Q

A ________ state refers to people’s ability to tell beforehand whether or not they have access to an accurate memory.

A

feeling of knowing

37
Q

________ memories lie outside of awareness.

A

implicit

38
Q

________ is the most sensitive measure of memory.

A

relearning

39
Q

According to the work of Ebbinghaus, forgetting is

A

rapid at first, then slowly declines

40
Q

Thinking is a mental expression or ________ of a problem or situation.

A

internal representation

41
Q

Which of the following is not a basic unit of thought as described in the text? language, images, ideas, or concepts

A

ideas

42
Q

A ________ is an ideal model used to identify concepts

A

prototypes

43
Q

________ refers to speech sounds that are collected into meaningful units.

A

morphemes

44
Q

The Gardners taught Washoe, a chimpanzee, to use ASL. At her peak, Washoe could use about ________ signs.

A

240

45
Q

According to Chomsky (1986), humans actively create sentences by applying ________ to universal, core patterns.

A

transformation rules

46
Q

When a problem is solved by rote, thinking is guided by a(n) ________.

A

algorithm

47
Q

When asked to solve a problem, Mike thought of a solution, but he did not want to act on it for fear of making a mistake and looking foolish. This illustrates which common barrier to problem solving?

A

emotional

48
Q

The stage of creative thought where an “A-ha!” experience follows an instance of rapid insight is the ________ stage.

A

illumination

49
Q

According to de Bono, one way to seek varied input in problem solving is to

A

look up random words in the dictionary

50
Q

How is the Wechsler or WAIS Intelligence test different from the Stanford-Binet test?

A

it was designed to test adult intelligence

51
Q

Who studied 1,500 children with IQs above 140 as they aged over time?

Terman. Kekule, none, Piaget

A

terman

52
Q

What is the correlation between IQ scores of identical twins reared together?
.80, .72, .90, .86

A

.86

PSYC 1F90 (3 decks)

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