Multiple choice

Question 1

What is the Canadian Shield best described as?
a. Low-lying regions in southern Ontario and Quebec
b. Rocky, forested terrain covering almost half of Canada’s land mass
c. Mountainous terrain in Western Canada
d. Permafrost regions in the Arctic

Answer 1

Answer: b. Rocky, forested terrain covering almost half of Canada’s land mass
Explanation: The Canadian Shield is a large area of exposed Precambrian rock and forests, covering parts of central and eastern Canada.

Question 2

Which of the following natural resources is considered renewable?
a. Solar energy
b. Fossil fuels
c. Forests
d. Minerals

Answer 2

a. Solar energy
Explanation: Solar energy is continuously replenished and does not deplete over time, making it a renewable resource. Fossil fuels and minerals are non-renewable.

Question 3

According to the census, which group represents the largest proportion of Indigenous people?
a. First Nations
b. Métis
c. Inuit
d. All of the above

Answer 3

a. First Nations
Explanation: First Nations account for the largest proportion of Indigenous peoples in Canada, followed by Métis and Inuit.

Question 4

How might vertical farming help as more Canadians move to urban areas?
a. Increase food supplies and reduce impacts on the environment
b. Reduce food supplies and increase impacts on the environment
c. Reduce impacts on the environment only
d. Increase food supplies only

Answer 4

a. Increase food supplies and reduce impacts on the environment
Explanation: Vertical farming uses less land and water while providing fresh produce in urban areas, helping to address environmental and food supply challenges.

Question 5

Which Concept of Geographic Thinking focuses on the implications of issues?
a. Interrelationships
b. Spatial significance
c. Geographic perspective
d. Patterns and trends

Answer 5

c. Geographic perspective
Explanation: Geographic perspective involves analyzing political, economic, social, and environmental impacts of geographical issues.

Question 6

What is development called that meets the needs of the present without compromising future generations?
a. Sustainable development
b. Yield management
c. Organic management
d. Development economics

Answer 6

Answer: a. Sustainable development
Explanation: Sustainable development ensures that resources are used responsibly to benefit both current and future generations.

Question 7

How can the population distribution in Canada’s north be best described?
a. Linear
b. Dispersed
c. Concentrated
d. All of the above

Answer 7

Answer: b. Dispersed
Explanation: The population in Canada’s north is spread out over vast areas, with small, isolated communities due to the harsh climate and geographic conditions.

Question 8

Airports, highways, and bike paths are examples of which urban land use?
a. Institutional
b. Industrial
c. Commercial
d. Transportation

Answer 8

Answer: d. Transportation
Explanation: Transportation land use includes infrastructure like airports, highways, and bike paths designed to move people and goods.

Question 9

Subduction and collision are examples of:
a. Divergent plate movement
b. Depositional plate movement
c. Convergent plate movement
d. Transform plate movement

Answer 9

Answer: c. Convergent plate movement
Explanation: Subduction and collision occur at convergent boundaries, where tectonic plates move toward each other.

Question 10

A teacher, lawyer, and doctor are examples of people employed in the:
a. Primary sector
b. Secondary sector
c. Tertiary sector
d. Quaternary sector

Answer 10

Answer: c. Tertiary sector
Explanation: The tertiary sector includes services like education, law, and healthcare, which involve direct interaction with people.

Question 11

Immigrants entering Canada through Start-up and Express Entry visas are classified as:
a. Family class immigrants
b. Economic class immigrants
c. Refugees
d. Business class immigrants

Answer 11

Answer: b. Economic class immigrants
Explanation: These visa programs are designed for skilled workers and entrepreneurs contributing to Canada’s economy.

Question 12

Urban sprawl is usually associated with:
a. Lower density housing
b. Increased reliance on automobiles
c. Decreased use of public transportation
d. All options listed

Answer 12

Answer: d. All options listed
Explanation: Urban sprawl often leads to low-density housing, car dependency, and reduced use of public transit as cities expand outward.

Question 13

The day-to-day changes in atmospheric conditions are known as:
a. Climate
b. Climate change
c. Weather
d. Global warming

Answer 13

Answer: c. Weather
Explanation: Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions like temperature, precipitation, and wind, differing from long-term climate patterns.

Question 14

Which of the following is a push factor?
a. War
b. Jobs
c. Strong healthcare system
d. Human rights

Answer 14

Answer: a. War
Explanation: Push factors drive people to leave a region, such as conflict, lack of opportunities, or environmental disasters. The others are pull factors attracting people to a region.

Question 15

Front: Smart growth principles combat the rise of:
a. Intensification
b. Urban sprawl
c. Urban yield
d. De-intensification

Answer 15

Answer: b. Urban sprawl
Explanation: Smart growth promotes sustainable urban development by limiting urban sprawl and encouraging higher-density living and efficient land use.

Question 16

What is the population density of an area 5 km² with a population of 10?
a. 50 people/km²
b. 5 people/km²
c. 0.5 people/km²
d. 2 people/km²

Answer 16

Answer: b. 2 people/km²
Explanation: Population density is calculated by dividing the population by the area:
10
÷
5
=
2
 
people/km²
10÷5=2people/km².

Question 17

Front: If the expansion of a town or city is NOT planned well:
a. Liveability and sustainability are increased
b. Liveability and sustainability are decreased
c. Liveability is increased, while sustainability is decreased
d. Liveability is decreased, while sustainability is increased

Answer 17

Answer: b. Liveability and sustainability are decreased
Explanation: Poorly planned urban expansion can lead to environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and reduced access to essential services, lowering both liveability and sustainability.

Question 18

Sustainability happens when:
a. Societal needs are satisfied
b. Environmental needs are satisfied
c. Economic needs are satisfied
d. All options listed

Answer 18

Answer: d. All options listed
Explanation: Sustainability balances societal, environmental, and economic needs to ensure resources are available for future generations.

Question 19

A person’s ecological footprint measures:
a. Environmental shoe size
b. The impact of daily ecological actions on a person’s feet
c. The amount of land that is needed to support a person’s lifestyle
d. All of the above

Answer 19

Answer: c. The amount of land that is needed to support a person’s lifestyle
Explanation: An ecological footprint calculates the natural resources required to sustain an individual’s lifestyle, including land for food, housing, and waste absorption.

Question 20

The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands is:
a. Canada’s storehouse of metallic minerals
b. The most densely populated region in Canada
c. Canada’s breadbasket

Answer 20

Answer: b. The most densely populated region in Canada
Explanation: The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands is known for its high population density, fertile land, and industrial development.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT typical of maritime climates?
a. Relatively small annual temperature ranges
b. Relatively hot summers
c. Relatively high annual precipitation
d. Relatively mild winters

Answer 21

Answer: b. Relatively hot summers
Explanation: Maritime climates are influenced by proximity to oceans, leading to mild winters, cool summers, and high precipitation. Hot summers are not typical.

Question 22

Condo and apartment towers are examples of:
a. Low-density residential spaces
b. Detached homes
c. High-density residential spaces
d. Medium-density residential spaces

Answer 22

c. High-density residential spaces
Explanation: High-density residential spaces include multi-unit dwellings like condos and apartment towers, accommodating many people in a small area.

Question 23

What is the most commonly used form of energy in Canada?
a. Wind
b. Hydro
c. Solar
d. Nuclear

Answer 23

Answer: b. Hydro
Explanation: Hydroelectric power is the most commonly used form of energy in Canada, thanks to abundant water resources and hydroelectric infrastructure.

Question 24

Which of the following statements about the 1951 Convention on Refugees is FALSE?
a. Dictates refugee policy in all countries
b. Was developed by the United Nations
c. Outlines and defines what constitutes a refugee
d. Outlines the legal responsibilities of nations to protect refugees

Answer 24

Answer: a. Dictates refugee policy in all countries
Explanation: The 1951 Convention provides guidelines and principles but does not dictate specific policies, as refugee policy is determined by individual nations.

Question 25

Earthquakes and volcanoes frequently occur:
a. At the poles
b. In the middle of land masses
c. Along ocean shorelines
d. At the edges of plates

Answer 25

Answer: d. At the edges of plates
Explanation: Earthquakes and volcanoes often occur at tectonic plate boundaries, where plates interact through collisions, separations, or subductions.