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Adult Gero > Multimorbidity > Flashcards

Multimorbidity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of multimorbidity in older adults?
- A) The presence of two chronic conditions
- B) The presence of three or more chronic conditions
- C) The presence of one chronic condition and a disability
- D) The presence of acute conditions and chronic conditions

A
  • B) The presence of three or more chronic conditions
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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT an effect of multimorbidities on older adults?
- A) Increased risk of hospitalization
- B) Decreased quality of life
- C) Decreased risk of adverse treatment effects
- D) Increased rate of institutionalization (nursing homes)

A
  • C) Decreased risk of adverse treatment effects
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3
Q

How do clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) typically handle multimorbidities in older adults?
- A) They focus on a single condition
- B) They address all conditions equally
- C) They are tailored for every patient with multimorbidities
- D) They are focused on the patient’s personal priorities

A
  • A) They focus on a single condition
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4
Q

Which of the following is a common challenge in treating older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) Predicting life expectancy
- B) Managing conflicting treatment guidelines for different conditions
- C) Ensuring all medications are affordable
- D) Avoiding nursing home admissions

A
  • B) Managing conflicting treatment guidelines for different conditions
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5
Q

Why is functional status a key consideration when managing older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) It helps determine life expectancy
- B) It predicts medication tolerability
- C) Maintaining mobility prevents further decline in health
- D) Functional status is irrelevant to long-term outcomes

A
  • C) Maintaining mobility prevents further decline in health
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6
Q

What is the primary goal when managing older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) Minimize medication use
- B) Reduce hospital readmissions
- C) Enhance quality of life and maintain function
- D) Extend life expectancy at any cost

A

C) Enhance the quality of life and maintain function

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7
Q

Which of the following factors contributes to variations in treatment for older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) Marital status
- B) Functional status and personal preferences
- C) Ethnicity alone
- D) Primary care provider availability

A
  • B) Functional status and personal preferences
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8
Q

What is a common risk for older adults who develop multiple chronic conditions?
- A) Increased risk of medication side effects and interactions
- B) Reduced risk of hospitalization
- C) Increased physical fitness
- D) Decreased need for healthcare services

A
  • A) Increased risk of medication side effects and interactions
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9
Q

Which of the following is true about the relationship between socioeconomic status and health outcomes in older adults?
- A) Individuals with higher socioeconomic status have more chronic diseases
- B) Lower socioeconomic status is associated with poorer health outcomes and shorter life expectancy
- C) Socioeconomic status has no impact on older adults’ health
- D) Higher socioeconomic status increases the risk of disability in older adults

A
  • B) Lower socioeconomic status is associated with poorer health outcomes and shorter life expectancy
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10
Q

. How can a patient’s cultural background influence their response to illness and healthcare decisions?
- A) It has no impact on healthcare decisions
- B) It can lead to different preferences for treatments, such as the use of alternative medicines
- C) It only affects religious decisions, not medical treatments
- D) It always leads to refusal of modern medical care

A
  • B) It can lead to different preferences for treatments, such as the use of alternative medicines
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11
Q

What is a common healthcare preference among some Asian populations, as mentioned in the case study?
- A) Preferring invasive surgeries
- B) Using alternative medicines and supplements over pharmaceutical drugs
- C) Avoiding any form of treatment
- D) Relying solely on family members for treatment decisions

A

B) Using alternative medicines and supplements over pharmaceutical drugs

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12
Q

. What is a critical aspect for healthcare providers to consider when treating patients from different cultural backgrounds?
- A) Always using the same treatment plan regardless of background
- B) Being culturally sensitive and recognizing alternative treatment preferences
- C) Avoiding the discussion of alternative medicine
- D) Encouraging patients to reject cultural beliefs in favor of modern medicine

A
  • B) Being culturally sensitive and recognizing alternative treatment preferences
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13
Q

Multimorbidities affect what percentage of older adults?
- A) 25%
- B) 50%
- C) 75%
- D) 100%

A
  • B) 50%
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14
Q

What impact can multimorbidities have on older adults?
- A) Improved quality of life
- B) Increased risk of hospitalizations and adverse treatment effects
- C) Reduced healthcare costs
- D) Less need for medications

A
  • B) Increased risk of hospitalizations and adverse treatment effects
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15
Q

How can cultural sensitivity benefit the care of patients with multimorbidities?
- A) It helps providers enforce strict medical regimens
- B) It allows for better communication and understanding of the patient’s treatment preferences
- C) It reduces the number of medications prescribed
- D) It leads to uniform care regardless of patient background

A
  • B) It allows for better communication and understanding of the patient’s treatment preferences
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16
Q

How can healthcare providers improve care for patients who prefer alternative treatments?
- A) Dismiss the patient’s preferences and follow standard protocols
- B) Collaborate with the patient to integrate alternative treatments with conventional medicine
- C) Avoid discussing alternative treatments
- D) Insist that patients adhere strictly to prescribed medications without considering alternatives

A
  • B) Collaborate with the patient to integrate alternative treatments with conventional medicine
17
Q

Which of the following is the leading cause of death among older adults?
- A) Cancer
- B) Heart disease
- C) Accidents
- D) Chronic respiratory diseases

A
  • B) Heart disease
18
Q

In older adults, how does the rate of disability differ between men and women over the age of 75?
- A) Men are more disabled than women over 75
- B) Women catch up to men in disability rates after 75
- C) Disability rates are equal between men and women
- D) Men have a lower disability rate after 75

A
  • B) Women catch up to men in disability rates after 75
19
Q

As of 2014, what percentage of nursing home residents in the U.S. are female?
- A) 41.0%
- B) 55.2%
- C) 70.1%
- D) 85.3%

A
  • C) 70.1%
20
Q

What trend has been observed in the racial diversity of nursing home residents between 1999 and 2008?
- A) Decrease in Hispanic and Asian residents
- B) Increase in white residents
- C) Decrease in Black residents
- D) Increase in Hispanic, Asian, and Black residents

A
  • D) Increase in Hispanic, Asian, and Black residents
21
Q

. What percentage of older adults in nursing homes have some form of disability?
- A) 50%
- B) 75%
- C) 97%
- D) 85%

A

C) 97%

22
Q

By 2030, what demographic change is projected in the U.S. population?
- A) The number of people 15 years old and younger will surpass those 65 and older
- B) The number of people 65 years old and older will surpass those 15 years and younger
- C) The population of people over 65 will remain static
- D) There will be a decrease in the population over 65

A
  • B) The number of people 65 years old and older will surpass those 15 years and younger
23
Q

Why is functional status an important factor to consider when managing older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) It predicts how long a patient will live
- B) It helps determine which treatments the patient can tolerate and whether they will maintain independence
- C) It is used to decide whether to admit a patient to a nursing home
- D) Functional status does not affect treatment planning

A
  • B) It helps determine which treatments the patient can tolerate and whether they will maintain independence
24
Q

. What is the role of primary care providers in managing multimorbidities in older adults?
- A) To focus on a single condition at a time
- B) To coordinate care across multiple specialists and ensure treatments do not conflict
- C) To delegate care entirely to specialists
- D) To avoid managing multimorbidities due to their complexity

A
  • B) To coordinate care across multiple specialists and ensure treatments do not conflict
25
Q

What is one of the most common chronic conditions among older adults that contributes to high disability rates?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Dementia
- C) Arthritis
- D) Diabetes

A

C) Arthritis

26
Q

Which factor contributes to the higher disability rates seen in older women compared to men?
- A) Women tend to live longer than men
- B) Women are more likely to avoid medical care
- C) Men are more likely to receive early intervention
- D) Women experience fewer chronic conditions than men

A
  • A) Women tend to live longer than men
27
Q

What percentage of nursing home residents in the U.S. are over 85 years old?
- A) 20%
- B) 33%
- C) 41%
- D) 50%

A
  • C) 41%
28
Q

What is one major future issue concerning the growing population of older adults?
- A) Increased population of older adults leading to greater burden on healthcare systems
- B) Decline in life expectancy due to chronic conditions
- C) Reduced disability rates among older adults
- D) Decreasing numbers of nursing home residents

A
  • A) Increased population of older adults leading to greater burden on healthcare systems
29
Q

How does racial and ethnic diversity impact the population of nursing home residents?
- A) White residents are decreasing, while Hispanic, Asian, and Black residents are increasing
- B) All racial groups have shown a steady decline in nursing home residency
- C) White residents are increasing, while minority groups are decreasing
- D) Racial and ethnic diversity has no impact on nursing home demographics

A
  • A) White residents are decreasing, while Hispanic, Asian, and Black residents are increasing
30
Q

. What is a key consideration when evaluating prognosis for older adults when determining treatment?
- A) Life expectancy and quality of life
- B) Family history of illness
- C) The patient’s age alone
- D) Ability to afford care

A
  • A) Life expectancy and quality of life
31
Q
  1. When managing multiple chronic conditions, what is a primary concern regarding medication management in older adults?
    • A) Increased physical activity
    • B) Polypharmacy and risk of adverse drug interactions
    • C) Reducing the number of medications to zero
    • D) Avoiding all treatments for minor conditions
A
  • B) Polypharmacy and risk of adverse drug interactions
32
Q
  1. Which of the following can improve adherence to complex treatment regimens in older adults with multimorbidities?
    • A) Increasing the number of medications
    • B) Simplifying the regimen, using tools such as pill boxes
    • C) Keeping all treatments the same regardless of patient input
    • D) Ignoring patient preferences to focus on treatment guidelines
A
  • B) Simplifying the regimen, using tools such as pill boxes
33
Q

Why is it important to involve older adults in shared decision-making when creating treatment plans?
- A) It ensures faster recovery
- B) It allows them to make informed choices about risks, benefits, and preferences
- C) It reduces the need for family involvement
- D) It decreases the provider’s legal liability

A
  • B) It allows them to make informed choices about risks, benefits, and preferences
34
Q

What is one challenge healthcare providers face when treating older adults with multimorbidities?
- A) Difficulty in coordinating care among multiple clinicians
- B) Having too few treatment options
- C) Managing a single condition at a time
- D) Lack of evidence-based guidelines for chronic diseases

A
  • A) Difficulty in coordinating care among multiple clinicians

Adult Gero (10 decks)

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