Multifactorial disorders

Question 1

Francis Galton studied ____ human characteristics such as intelligence and physique, which did not seem to conform to Mendel ’ s laws of inheritance.

Answer 1

continuous

Question 2

According to Fischer, inheritance of continuous human characteristics could be explained by ____, each with a small but additive effect.

Answer 2

multiple pairs of genes

Question 3

Discontinuous traits w/ ____, such as congenital malformations, were explained by introducing the concept of a threshold effect for the disorder: manifestation only occurred when the combined genetic & environmental liability passed the threshold.

Answer 3

multifactorial inheritance

Question 4

____ w/ multifactorial inheritance, such as congenital malformations, were explained by introducing the concept of a threshold effect for the disorder: manifestation only occurred when the combined genetic & environmental liability passed the threshold.

Answer 4

Discontinuous traits

Question 5

Discontinuous traits w/ multifactorial inheritance, such as congenital malformations, were explained by introducing the concept of a ____ for the disorder: manifestation only occurred when the combined genetic & environmental liability passed the threshold.

Answer 5

threshold effect

Question 6

Give one example of discontinuous trait with multifactorial inheritance.

Answer 6

congenital malformation

Question 7

Many human characteristics are determined in this fashion. Usually factors in the environment interact with the genetic background.

Answer 7

Multifactorial inheritance

Question 8

Give examples of diseases that have been thought to have both genetic and environmental predispositions.

Answer 8

insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, dementia due to Alzheimer ’ s disease, premature vascular disease, schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, atopic dermatitis and asthma