multicellular organisms Flashcards
What is a spindle fibre?
Pulls chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.
What is a chromatids
Chromatids are a identical eclipse of a chromosome
What is a equator
The equator is the region in the middles of the cell where the chromatid pairs line up before they are separated into the poles
Name the sequence of events of mitosis
- Nucleus containing long uncoiled chromosomes each doubling to form two article chromatids
- chromosomes consisting of sister chromatids coil up and shorten
3.chromosomes attached to spindle fibers line up at the equator
- the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ‘poles’ of the cell
nuclear membranes form the cytoplasm begins to divide
5.two identical daughter cells containing the same number of chromosomes as the original
what is mitosis
Mitosis is the division of the nucleus
what does mitosis provide new cells for:
Growth
repair of damages tissue
replace old, dead cells
what does mitosis maintain
The diploid chromosome complement
How many chromosomes do diploid cells have?
A diploid cell had two matching sets of chromosomes.
They contain 2 sets of 23 chromosomes, giving a total of 46 chromosomes.
Both sets are replicated during mitosis.
What is a stem cell
Stem cells in animals are unspecialized cells that can divide in order to self-renew
What are stem cells involved in
growth and repair
What can stem cells have the potential to become
Different types of cells
What can stem cells obtain from a very early stage
Embryos
What can be found in the body throughout life
Tissue stem cells
What can speculation of cells lead to
The formation of a variety of cells, tissues and organs
What do organs perform
different functions
Multicellular organism have more than what
one cell type
What are multicellular organism are made up of what
tissues and organs
Organs perform what
Different functions
A group of what work together to from systems
group of organs
The cells in organs are what
Specialized for their function
Describe 2 responses to a stimulus?
A response to a stimulus can be a rapid action from a muscle or a slower response from a gland.
Describe the components of the nervous system including the CNS
The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system (CNS) and other nerves.
The CNS consists of the spinal cord and the brain.
Name the structure and function of the parts in the brain?
Cerebrum - controls memory, personality and conscious thought
Cerebellum - controls balance and coordination of movement
Medulla - controls heart rate and breathing rate
what happens during fertilisation
sperm nucleus and egg nucleus fuse together
