Multicellular Organisms Flashcards
How many parents are there in sexual reproduction
Two
How many parents are there in asexual reproduction
One
Difference between sperm and an egg
The sperm is the male gamete and the egg is the females
Stages of fertilisation
Egg is released
Egg travels along oviduct
Sperm and egg meet
Fertilisation occurs
If a plant has light dusty pollen is it pollinated by wind or insects
Wind
If a plant has brightly coloured petals is it pollinated by wind or insects
Insects
Three types of natural reproduction in plants
Tubers, runners and budding
What does dominant genes mean
Whatever it is paired with it will always show up
What does recessive genes mean
Needs two pairs to show up
If brown eyes are dominant and there is Bb and bb what are they chances of brown eyes
2 in 4 will have brown eyes
Or
1 in 2 will have brown eyes
If green leaves are dominant and there is Gg and GG what are they chances of Green leaves
All will be Green leaves
What are methods of water loss
Sweating, breathing and urine
What is a method of water gain
Drinking
What three body parts help with controlling water balance
Kidneys, ureta and bladder
What do kidneys do
Filter the blood and reabsorb the useful stuff
What is the use for a dialysis machine
It is for people who don’t have working kidneys it acts as an outside the body one
What is a gene
A section of DNA
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the phenotype
The physical thing you can see e.g blue eyes
What does genotype mean
The makeup of the feature e.g Bb or bb or BB
What are runners
A thin stem that grows horizontally along the ground and grows root creating an identical copy of the parent plant
What are tubers
The tip of an underground stem becomes swollen with stored food to form a tuber. Buds develop into new shoots, becoming independent from the parent organism
How do you work out a percentage
Change
———— X 100 = % change
Starting
Number
What are the 5 plant reproduction parts
Petal
Stigma
Anther
Sepal
Ovary
What does the petal do
Attracts insects
What do anthers do
Protects the pollen
What do the sepals do
Protects the flower bud
What do the ovary’s do in plants
Produced ovules
What does the stigma do
Transfers pollen to ovules
What is an example of a plant that uses runners
Spider plant
What is a plant that uses bulbs
Onion
What is a plant that uses tubers
Sweet potato
How much water are you meant to drink a day
1.5 litres
What is kidney failure
The body’s internal water balance becomes disturbed
What controls you glucose balance
Liver and pancreas
What increases you glucose levels
Consuming food and drink
What does our body do when our glucose levels are too high
The pancreas releases insulin which causes the blood sugars to be stored in the liver
What decreases our glucose levels
Doing exercise
What does our body when we are low on blood sugar levels
The pancreas releases glucagon which tells the liver to release some sugars stored
