Multi Store Model Of Memory

Question 1

What are the 3 assumptions

Answer 1

There are 3 separate stores

These stores are unitary ( cannot be subdivided)

Info is transferred from STM to LTM by rehearsal

Question 2

What are the 3 stores

Answer 2

Sensory register

STM

LTM

Question 3

Coding

Answer 3

To enter memory info has to be Written in a particular format or code

Question 4

Capacity

Answer 4

How much info they can hold

Question 5

Duration

Answer 5

How long they can hold info

Question 6

Capacity of STM study

Answer 6

Jacobs (1887)

List of digits/ letters shown at half second intervals

Started with 3 then increased until they couldn’t remember

Question 7

Findings of Jacobs study

Answer 7

Digit span= (7 +/ _ 2)

Question 8

Duration of STM study

Answer 8

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

Pps shown nonsense trigrams
Then asked to count back in 3s
Then asked to recall trigrams

Question 9

Findings of Peterson and Peterson study

Answer 9

3 secs = 80%

9 secs = 30%

18 secs = <10%

Duration = 18-30 secs

Question 10

Coding of STM study

Answer 10

Conrad (1964)

Shown list of 6 consonants asked to write them Down

Some were acoustically similar
Some were acoustically dissimilar

Question 11

Findings of Conrad study

Answer 11

STM takes info acoustically

Question 12

Who came up with the model

Answer 12

Atkinson and shiffrin (1968)

Question 13

The capacity of LTM

Answer 13

Unlimited

Impossible to quantity

Question 14

Duration of LTM study

Answer 14

Bahrick et al (1975)

Quasi method

392 pps who left high school 1-48 yrs ago tested for recall of classmates

Question 15

Findings of bahrick study

Answer 15

80% recognition at 48yrs

30% recall at 30yrs

Possibly unlimited

Question 16

Coding for LTM + STM study

Answer 16

Baddeley (1966)

Pps asked to learn 1 or 4 word lists:

Acoustically similar
Acoustically dissimilar
Semantically similar
Semantically dissimilar

Question 17

Findings of baddeley study

Answer 17

LTM = semantically

STM = acoustically

Question 18

Sensory register study for duration and capacity

Answer 18

Sperling (1960)

Showed pps a grid of letters for 50 milliseconds ( a flash) then asked to recall letters

Question 19

Findings of sperling study

Answer 19

Recalled 4-5 out of 9-12
But did recall seeing more but not remembering them

Capacity = large
Duration = <1 sec

Question 20

Coding in sensory register

Answer 20

Iconic store- visual info

Echoic store- auditory info

Haptic store- touch info

Question 21

Elaborative rehearsal

Answer 21

Involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered

Question 22

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 22

Keeps info in STM for longer than 19 secs

Question 23

✅

Answer 23

HM case study

Epilepsy surgery gone wrong no STM but LTM fine

Showing they are separate

Question 24

❎

Answer 24

Tulving 1972

LTM can be subdivided.
At least 3 different parts

Question 25

❎

Answer 25

Baddeley and Hitch 1974 STM can be subdivided. At least 4 parts Pps couldn't do 2 different activities using STM at the same time

Question 26

❎

Answer 26

Clive wearing case study Can read music and play piano but can remember his children

Question 27

❎

Answer 27

Hyde and Jenkins 1973 Independent measures Pps given words and asked about them half told they had a test half weren't No difference showing rehearsal may not be the only way to get to LTM