Multi store model of memory

Question 1

What is the multi store memory model?

Answer 1

Describes how information flows through the memory system.
Memory is made up of three stores linked by processing.

Question 2

Who developed the multi store memory model?

Answer 2

Atkinson and Shiffrins

Question 3

What is the sensory register?

Answer 3

All stimuli in the environment passes through the sensory register.
Several registers
One for each of senses

Question 4

What is the coding feature of the sensory register?

Answer 4

Modality specific
Depends on the sense
Iconically or echoic logically

Question 5

What is the duration feature of the sensory register?

Answer 5

Milliseconds

Question 6

What is capacity feature of the sensory register?

Answer 6

Unlimited

Question 7

How does information move from the sensory register?

Answer 7

If we pay attention to the information then it is transferred from sensory register to the short term memory.
If no attention is payed, information is lost from sensory register and from the model completely.

Question 8

What is the coding feature of short term memory?

Answer 8

Acoustically

Question 9

What is the duration feature of short term memory?

Answer 9

7 +/- 2

Question 10

What is the duration feature of short term memory?

Answer 10

18-30 seconds

Question 11

What is maintenance rehearsal?

Answer 11

When we repeat material to ourselves over and over again.
We can keep information in the short term memory as long as we rehearse it.

Question 12

How does information move from the short term memory to the longer term memory?

Answer 12

Prolonged rehearsal

Question 13

What is the coding feature of the long term memory?

Answer 13

Semantically

Question 14

What is the duration feature of long term memory?

Answer 14

Unlimited

Question 15

What is the capacity feature of long term memory?

Answer 15

Unlimited

Question 16

How is information transferred back into the short term memory to recall information?

Answer 16

Retrieval

Question 17

What is an evaluation of the multi store memory model?
Research support

Answer 17

Support from studies showing short term memory and long term memory are different
Baddeley
Tend to mix up words that sound similar when using our STM
Mix up words that have similar meaning when using LTM
Shows STM and LTM are separate and independent memory stores as claimed by the multi story memory model.

Question 18

What is an evaluation of multi store memory model?
Counterpoint of research support

Answer 18

In real life we form memories related to useful things
Peoples faces, names, facts etc.
Support used non of these materials
Used digits, letters and words.
Constant syllables that have no meaning.
Meaning MSM may not be valid model of how memory works in our everyday lives here we have to remember much more meaningful information

Question 19

What is an evaluation of the multi store memory model?
More than one short term memory store

Answer 19

Evidence
Shallice and Warrington
Studied client KF
Clinical memory disorder - amnesia
His STM for digits, very poor when read out loud.
Recall better when read digits out to himself.
Further research - another STM for non verbal sounds
Suggests it is wrong claiming here is one STM store processing different types of information.

Question 20

What is an evaluation for multi store memory model?
Elaborative rehearsal

Answer 20

MSM prolonged rehearsal is not needed for transfer to LTM
Craik and Watkins
Type of rehearsal is more important than the amount.
Elaborative rehearsal is needed for long term storage.
Occurs when linking information to existing knowledge.
Information can be transferred into LTM without prolonged rehearsal
Suggesting MSM does not fully explain how long term storage is achieved.