Multi-store Model (MSM)

Question 1

✅AO3- MSM supported by research that shows STM and LTM are different

Answer 1

Baddely (1966)

found we tend to mix up acoustically similar words in STM recall. But we mix up semantically similar words in LTM recall.

Clearly shows that STM is acoustic and LTM is semantic.

Strengthens the MSM as it supports the notion that these two stores are separate and independent.

Question 2

❌AO3- Evidence suggests more than 1 type of STM

Answer 2

Shallice and Warrington (1970)

KF - amnesia patient with poor STM recall when digits were read to him out loud, but good recall when he read the digits himself.

Suggests separate STM stores for visual and auditory information.

Weakness, as MSM doesn’t account for separate stores.

Question 3

❌AO3- research supporting MSM use artificial materials

Answer 3

Research tasks such as Peterson and Peterson’s 1959 consonant recall task which ask pts to recall random, meaningless sequences of letters and digits, are not reflective of everyday instances of information recall.

In everyday life we form memories of things that will be useful to us in the future such as names, faces, locations. These random recall tasks do not account for the functionality attached to the memories that we form.

Weakness, as it means the MSM lacks external validity.

Question 4

❌AO3- MSM oversimplification of LTM

Answer 4

Wide base of evidence to suggest that LTM is not a unitary store.

We have one LTM store for memories of facts about the world (semantic), and a different one for memories of how to ride a bike (procedural)

This is a weakness of the MSM, as it does not reflect these different types of LTM- making it a limited explanation.