Multi-store model Flashcards
Who proposed the multi-store model?
atkinson and shiffrin (1968)
what does it explain?
How memory flows through the memory system. States that memory is made of 3 separate stores, linked by processing.
What does the sensory register do?
duration:
capacity:
coding:
Takes in sensory information from the environment, it has a store for each sense.
- very brief
- high capacity
- codes depending on sense
How to transfer from sensory register to STM?
pay attention to the information.
STM duration:
capacity:
coding:
- 18-30 seconds
- between 5 and 9 items
- acoustic
How to transfer from STM to LTM?
maintenance rehearsel
LTM duration:
capacity:
coding:
- can be up to a lifetime
- unlimited
- semantic
How to recall information in the LTM?
Transfer it back to the STM through retrieval.
STRENGTH: support for STM and LTM separate stores
Baddeley (1966) found we mix up acoustically similar words when using our STM’s and semantically similar words when using our LTM’s. Shows theyre independent.
LIMITATION: case study suggests there is more than one type of STM.
KF had amnesia. His recall of digits was poor when they were read to him but much better when he read himself. Separate STM’s for visual and auditory information.
LIMITATION: a second type of rehearsal.
Craik and Watkins (1973) argued elaborative rehearsal is needed for LTM storage. This involves linking info with previous knowledge.
LIMITATION: supporting studies use artificial materials
Often ppts asked to recall word / digit lists, however in real life we form memories related to useful things. Results do not reflect how memory works everyday, lacks external validity.
LIMITATION: oversimplifies LTM
psychologists argue that we have different LTMs for different types of memories, such as semantic, episodic and procedural.
