Multi-store memory model Flashcards
Who came up with the multi-store model?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
What are the 3 main processes in the MSM?
SENSORY MEMORY
STM
LTM
What are the 2 main stores in the sensory memory?
Iconic and echoic memory
What is the capacity/duration of the sensory memory?
High capacity, small duration
What happens if attention is not paid to sensory information?
It isn’t encoded and decays after a fraction of a second
What happens if attention is paid to sensory information?
It moves into STM
What is the capacity of STM?
7+/-2 items
What is the duration of STM?
18-30 secs
How is information kept fresh in STM?
Through maintenance rehearsal
What happens if information is not rehearsed in STM?
It is displaced or decays
What happens if info is continuously rehearsed in STM?
It moves into LTM
What is the capacity of LTM?
Unlimited
What is the duration of LTM?
Up to a lifetime
Can info be lost in LTM?
Yes - by retrieval failure
What happens if info from LTM is needed?
It is retrieved back into STM
What support is there for STM and LTM being qualitatively different?
BADDELEY’S coding research = different encoding processes
How does research into coding, capacity and duration help support this model? msm
They all show how STM and LTM are independent, as they work very differently
What clinical evidence is there to challenge this? msm
KF - brain damage patient struggled to process verbal info but not visual info
= STM is non-unitary
How has the MSM’s rehearsal process been challenged?
CRAIK & WATKINI found that there are different types of rehearsal - elaborative rehearsal is needed for info to pass into LTM, not the amount like stated in MSM
