Multi Store Memory Model Flashcards
What laws have been linked to operant conditioning?
Thorndikes law
What are the three individual laws? (Thorndikes laws)
Law of exercise, law of effect and law of readiness
What is law of readiness?
Repeating and rehearsing to strengthen S-R bonds
What is the law of effect?
Positive and negative reinforcement to strengthen an S-R bond
Punishment weakened the S-R bond
What is the Law of readiness?
The performer must be mentally and physically ready to be able to complete a task effectively
Example of law of exercise
If a gymnast practices a floor routine repeatedly
Examples of law of effect
If a beginner rugby player is attending a spin pass and is successful, then the effect is deemed to be successful the player will be more likely to do it again
Examples of law of readiness
A hockey player who has been drilled to perform a particular penalty flick may become predictable and demotivated by inhibition
What is observational learning?
Involves attention, retention, motor production and motivation
What are the three stages in the Multi-store memory model
Sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory
What is chunking?
Where different pieces of information are grouped together to be remembered as one piece of information
What is selective attention?
Relevant information is filtered through into the short-term memory and irrelevant information is lost and forgotten
What happens at the short-term sensory stores?
Stimuli enters the brain. Capacity is infinite. Information is filtered within a second. Selective attention takes place.
What happens at the short term memory stage?
This is where the information is used to decide what needs to be done. 7 pieces of information stored for 30 seconds. If the information is important enough and is rehearsed it’s passed to the long term memory and encoded
What practices could an athlete use to extend the holding time of information in the short term memory?
The performer would have to rehearse the info using rehearsal, chunking and positive feedback.
What happens at the long term memory stage?
This store has a limitless capacity and holds info for long periods of time. This information has been encoded. Meaningless info is not stored for a long period of time. Motor programs are stored in LTM because they have been rehearsed many times. Information is decoded and sent to STM to be used to decide what to do
What are the advantages to the multi store memory model?
1)Simplifies the memory process to aid understanding. 2) explains how those with brain damage may have dysfunctional memory, showing a distinction between STM and LTM
What are disadvantages to the multi-store memory model?
1) too simplified- does not explain why some information is easier to remember than others 2) does not effectively explain the interaction between STM and LTM
What does the Craik and Lockharts level of processing model try to show?
How deeply we consider or process information dictates how long the memory lasts
The information will be remembered more if…
Levels of processing model
Info is considered
Is understood
Has meaning
What is memory trace?
When the brain cells retain or store information
What are the three levels of verbal processing?
Structural level
Phonetic level
Semantic level
What is the structural level?
This involved paying attention to what the words look like. This is a shallow level of processing
What is the semantic level of processing?
This involves processing the sound of words
What is the semantic level of processing?
This considers the actual meaning of the words, which is the deepest level of processing
