Multi-Agent Systens Flashcards
Describe properties associated with multi-agent negation protocols
> Efficiency
Optimality
Fairness
Stability
Robustness
Explain the term Social Robotics
Social robotics involves the study and development of robots capable of interacting with humans in a social and natural manner, incorporating features like human-robot interaction, advanced sensors, and natural language processing.
Explain in detail what is understood by the term Belief Desire
Intention Architecture (BDI).
BDI architecture models agents using beliefs (knowledge), desires (goals), and intentions (plans). Agents use beliefs for decision-making, desires for goal-setting, and intentions for action planning. This framework is fundamental for creating intelligent behavior in autonomous systems.
Explain and describe those data structures typically utilised
within BDI models to deliver the concepts of Beliefs, Belief
Rules, Events/Perceptions, Commitments and Plans
Beliefs in BDI models are structured as a knowledge base. Belief rules, expressed as logical conditions, guide belief updates. Events, external occurrences, are modeled through incoming messages or sensory input. Commitments represent an agent’s dedication to specific intentions. Plans are typically structured sequences of actions.
Describe the core constructs provided within AgentSpeak(L).
Within your answer provide illustrative examples for each class of construct.
AgentSpeak(L) core constructs include beliefs (e.g., bel(at(goal)).), desires (e.g., desire(reach(goal)).), intentions (e.g., +!moveTo(goal).), plans (e.g., +!moveTo(goal) : bel(at(goal)) <- moveForward.), and actions (e.g., moveForward.). These constructs model agent reasoning and behavior, facilitating the expression of intelligent agent interactions.
Explain the essence of Speech Act Theory and why this has been so influential within the development of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS).
Speech Act Theory explores the communicative functions of language, classifying utterances into categories like assertives, directives, and expressives. In Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), it’s influential as agents communicate through speech acts, facilitating effective interaction, negotiation, and coordination, crucial for decentralized and collaborative systems.
Briefly contrast weak migration and strong migration within agent mobility.
Weak migration in agent mobility allows an agent to transfer its state along with the execution context, while strong migration involves transferring the state, execution context, and the ability to continue executing from the exact point of migration. Weak migration is less dependent on the source environment than strong migration.
Explain in detail three broad approaches in adopting agents to deliver Intelligent Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).
> Mobile Agent-Based Approach: (Reduced data traffic, energy-efficient, adaptable to dynamic environments)
> Cooperative Multi-Agent Approach: ( Enhanced scalability, fault tolerance, task specialization.)
> Hierarchical Multi-Agent Approach: (Improved scalability, distributed decision-making, resource optimization)
What are auctions
Auctions in multi-agent systems are competitive bidding processes where autonomous agents submit bids to allocate resources or goods. Common types include English, Dutch, and sealed-bid auctions, facilitating decentralized decision-making and resource allocation.
Identify and briefly explain the dimensions under which auction
protocols can be characterized.
> Bid type
Auction Type
Winner Determination
Bid Visibility
Explain in detail the Vickrey Auction.
The Vickrey Auction is a type of sealed-bid auction where bidders submit written bids without knowing the others’ bids. The highest bidder wins but pays the second-highest bid. This design encourages truthful bidding, as participants benefit by revealing their true valuation, leading to an efficient and incentive-compatible auction mechanism.
Comment briefly why the Vickrey Auction has received such attention within the multi-agent systems literature.
The Vickrey Auction has garnered attention in multi-agent systems literature due to its desirable properties. It is strategically simple, encourages truthful bidding, and has an equilibrium where bidders have no incentive to deviate from revealing their true valuations. These features make it an attractive and widely studied auction mechanism in the context of multi-agent systems and game theory.
What is social robotic architecture
Social robotic architecture designs systems for robots to interact socially with humans, involving hardware, software, and cognitive components like emotion recognition and natural language processing.
Compare & contrast the Social Robotics Architecture with the Saphira robot architecture.
Social Robotics Architecture focuses on social interactions, emphasizing modules like emotion recognition. Saphira is a general-purpose robot architecture with a modular approach for diverse applications.
What are the basic notations of AgentSpeak(L)
> A set of Beliefs
A set of plans
An event queue
