Multi Flashcards
Vxse
Best angle of climb with one engine inoperative
Vyse
Best rate of climb with one engine inoperative; marked with a blue line
Vsse
Safe, intentional OEI speed
Vref
reference landing speed–an airspeed used for final approach, which is normally 1.3 times Vso
Vmc
Defined in CFR 23.2135(c): the calibrated airspeed at which, following a sudden engine loss, it is possible to maintain control of the aircraft. Marked with a red line
Vlof
liftoff speed
Under what conditions are V-speeds given in the POH true (unless otherwise noted?)
Sea level, standard day, max takeoff weight
Aerodynamic forces acting upon a windmilling propeller tend to drive the blades to:
low pitch (high drag), high RPM
Counterweights attached to the prop drive the blades:
high pitch (low drag), low RPM
The force of oil pressure through the propeller governor pushes the blades to:
low pitch, high RPM
With a loss of oil pressure through the prop governor, the blades fail to what position?
high pitch (low drag), low RPM
The prop counterweights are insufficient to completely feather the prop at lower RPMS; what provides the “final” force to do so?
Either a spring or a nitrogen charge
What prevents the propellers from feathering every time the engine is shut down? (given the loss of oil pressure)
Typically, below ~800RPM, a reduction in centrifugal force allows small anti-feathering lock pins to move into place. The prop must be feathered prior to below 800 RPM
Accelerate-go distance
the distance required to continue the takeoff and clear a 50 foot obstacle assuming an engine failure at Vr or Vlof
Define: all-engine service ceiling
The highest altitude a multi engine plane can maintain a 100 FPM climb
Define: single engine service ceiling
the highest altitude at which the aircraft can maintain 50 fpm OEI
basic empty weight
Standard empty weight + optional equipment
Standard empty weight
airplane, hydraulic fluid, unstable fuel, full oil
zero fuel weight
the maximum allowable weight of the airplane and payload, assuming there is no usable fuel on board
Forward CG characteristics
more stable, higher stall speed, slower cruise, favorable stall characteristics
Aft CG characteristics
less stable, slower stall speed, higher cruise, less desirable stall characteristics
WYD: An engine fails prior to Vmc during the takeoff roll
Abort the takeoff
AFM recommendation for a slow flight minimum altitude
3000 ft
How do you enter a spin in a multi engine airplane?
Stall and yaw. Either rudder or asymmetric thrust
When should a single-engine go around be considered?
Almost never
Why does Vmc decrease with altitude?
Because Vmc is greatest with greatest available power, and power decreases with altitude (normally aspirated only)
Why is Vmc higher when the inop engine is windmilling?
Because, unfeathered, it’s producing more drag
Why does Vmc increase as the CG moves aft?
Because the moment arm of the rudder is reduced
How does Vmc change when you extend the landing gear?
It decreases, as the landing gear provide directional stability
Is 5 degrees the optimal bank angle in OEI operations?
Not necessarily; it’s a historical maximum for Vmc determination
Why does Vmc decrease with increasing bank?
Because the horizontal component of lift balances the side force of the rudder, requiring less rudder deflection
What if the engine fails on takeoff prior to landing gear up?
Probably you land straight ahead
