Mughal Empire Flashcards
What have the mughal historian writing in English the mughal texts ?
Chronicles
The name Mughal derives from
Mongol
What did the mughals refer themselves on paternal and maternal sides?
Paternal : Timurid. Maternal : Genghis Khan
Where did Humayun take refuge after losing against sher shah Sur
Safavid ruler of Iran
Which mughal emperor was a great poet?
Babur
What was their mother tongue?
Turkish
Urdu is a composure language formed by the amalgamation of?
Persian ans hindavi
Language of Akbar Nama
Persian
What was babur nama originally written in
Turkish. Trnsl: persian
Translated version of Mahabharata is called
Razmnama
What is a kitabkhana
Scriptorium
Akbar’s favourite calligraphy style and who wrote it ?
Nastaliq by Muhd. Husayn
How did Abu’l Fazl describe painting
“Magical art”
Name two painters brought from Iran
Mir Sayyid Ali & Abdus Samad
Who killed Abu’l Fazl ?
Bir Singh Bundela on the orders of Prince Salim
Name the three volumes of Akbar Nama
1 vol : Adam to Akbar; 2 vol : 46th year of Akbar as the king; Ain-i-Akbari
Who wrote Badshah Nama ?
Abdul Hamid Lahori
What are the volumes of Badshah Nama called?
Daftars
Who revised Badshah Nama?
Sadullah Khan (first 2) (wazir of Shah Jahan)
Who estb Asiatic Society of Bengal ?
Sir William Jones in 1784
Who translated Akbar Nama ?
Henry Beveridge
From where does Suhrawardi’s philosophy originate?
Plato’s Republic
Who studied Suhrawardi’s philosophy about the Divine Light ?
Shaikh Mubarak
How did Mughal artists symbolize the divine light of God in their paintings of kings ?
Halo
What visual element did Mughal artists adopt from European paintings of Christ and the Virgin Mary?
Halo
Who painted the image of Jahangir holding a portrait of his father Akbar?
Abu’l Hasan
What color is associated with Akbar in the painting, representing the enlightened soul?
White
What symbol does Akbar hold in the painting, representing dynastic authority?
Globe
What ideal does Abu’l Fazl describe as the cornerstone of enlightened rule?
Sulh-i-kul
What tax did Akbar abolish in 1563?
Pilgrimage
What other tax was abolished in 1564 by Akbar?
Jizya
What was re-imposed on non-Muslim subjects during Aurangzeb’s reign?
Jizya
What was the emperor supposed to protect of his subjects ?
Life (jan), property (mal), honour (namus), faith (din)
Where was the heart of Mughal Empire ?
Capital City
What was the Bulanda Darwaza supposed to potray?
To remind visitors of the Mughal victory in Gujarat
When did Akbar transfer the capital to Lahore ?
1585
Who transfered the capital to Shahjahanbad ?
Shah Jahan
What was the centerpiece of the court?
Takht
Who were mimars
Architects
What did Mughal emperors adopt at the time of coronation or after a victory over an enemy?
Titles
What title did Aurangzeb accord to his two highest-ranking nobles, Jai Singh and Jaswant Singh?
Mirza Raja
What is the robe of honor called in Mughal tradition?
Philately
What did the sarapa (“head to foot”) consist of in Mughal tradition?
Tunic
What type of gift could never be given empty-handed to the emperor?
Nazr
Who was the person disappointed by the return of his gift because it was only worth 400 rupees?
Roe
What played imp roles in elevating women to the status of legally wedded wives ?
Love & motherhood
What Mughal princess designed the bazaar of Chandni Chowk?
Jahanara
Who wrote the Humayun Nama that gives a glimpse into the domestic world of the Mughals?
Gulabadan begum
What important aspect of the Mughal state was the corps of officers collectively known as?
Nobility
Which Rajput chief was the first to join the Mughal Imperial service in 1560?
Bharmal
Who was Akbar’s finance minister who belonged to the Khatri caste?
Todar Mal
Which numerical designation in the mansab system indicated position in the imperial hierarchy and the salary of the official?
Zat
Who was the paymaster general standing on the right of the emperor in open court?
Mir Bakhshi
What is the name of the minister of grants and focal judges?
Sadr-us sudur
What body of court writers recorded all applications and documents presented to the court?
Waqia Nawis
What are the foot-runners who carried papers in bamboo containers known as?
Qasid
___ was a petition presented by a nobleman to the emperor, recommending that an applicant be recruited as mansabdar
Tajwiz
What was the finance minister called?
Diwan-i-ala
What was the heading under which agents recorded proceedings of the court, including date and time of court sessions?
Akhbarat-i Darbar-i Mualla
Qasid was also called
Pathmar
What did the akhbarat contain information about besides the grant of offices and titles?
Attendance
How did important official documents and news reports travel across Mughal regions?
Post
What is the title of the head of the provincial administration in the Mughal Empire?
Subadar
What three semi-hereditary officers managed local administration at the level of the pargana?
Qanungo
The chatge of revenue collection
Chaudhari
What districts were provinces (subas) divided into, often overlapping with the jurisdiction of faujdars?
Sarkars
What general title means “King of Kings” and was assumed by Mughal emperors?
Shehanshah
What specific title, meaning “World-Seizer,” was assumed by individual Mughal kings upon ascending the throne?
Jahangir
What specific title, meaning “King of the World,” was assumed by individual Mughal kings upon ascending the throne?
Shah Jahan
What mountains defined the frontier separating Afghanistan from Iran and Central Asia?
Hindukush
What strategic outposts were controlled by the Mughals to ward off potential dangers from the frontier?
Kabul
What fortress-town was a bone of contention between the Safavids and the Mughals?
Qandahar
Who reconquered Qandahar in 1595?
Akbar
What Mughal emperor sent a diplomatic envoy to the court of Shah Abbas in 1613?
Jahangir
What Persian army besieged Qandahar in the winter of 1622?
Safavids
What region under Ottoman control contained the important pilgrim centers of Mecca and Medina?
Hijaz
Which Mughal emperor favored distributing proceeds in India instead of Arabia?
Aurangzeb
What are the earliest impressions of the Mughal court recorded by European writers?
Jesuit
Which emperor invited Jesuit priests to the Mughal court?
Akbar
Where did the first Jesuit mission reach the Mughal court in 1580?
Fatehpur Sikri
What are the names of two Red Sea ports where the Mughal emperor exported merchandise?
Aden & Mokha
Where did two additional Jesuit missions arrive at the Mughal court in 1591 and 1595?
Lahore
Who wrote Muntakhab-ut Tawarikh?
Abdul Qadir Badauni
