mtel math flashcards
Euler’s Formula
Used for polyhedrons (3D shape)
V + F - E = 2
How to find edges on a polyhedron
Edges = (# of sides on a face) X ( # faces) / 2
Surface Area Formula
SA=2LW+2LH+2HW
Box + Whisker Plot or Box plot
- 4 quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) all rep. 25% of the data
- you can see min, max, median, and median of q2 and q3
Pick’s Theorem
-Used to find the area of an irregular polygon
- A=B/2 + I -1
B=border points or line of intersection or pegs on outside
I=Inside points
Net
2D representation of a 3D figure
Mean
Average: add up #’s and divide by how many #’s there are
Median
Middle #. If there are 2 in the middle, add them up and divide by 2
Mode
Most repeating number
Probability
Part/Whole
Link Probability
-When you are trying to find 2 options, multiply them together
part/whole * part/whole
Slope-intercept form
y=mx + b
m: slope
b: y-intercept
Slope
M= Rise/ Run
y2-y1/ x2-x1
Common Conversions
12 inches=1 foot 36 inches=1 yard 5,280 feet=1 mile 3 feet=1 yard 1,760 yards= 1 mile
Equilateral Triangle
All sides and angles are equal
Congruent
Identical figures (same angles and same sides
Shapes that are Similar
sides are big or smaller, but angles are the SAME
Symmetry
Mirror image in respect to a reflection
Rhombus
sides are the same, but angles are different!!
Supplementary Angles
2 angles on a straight line that add up to 180 degrees
Complimentary Angles
Sum is 90 degrees. Like the corner of a shape
Angles of a triangle
inside angles add up to 180 degrees
Relative Prime #’s (co-prime)
Numbers that share no common divisor (except 1) aka they have a GCF of 1
Distance Formula
D=rate*time
***divide by 2 to get the average speed
Polygon
2D, closed shape, straight lines
Scientific Notation
- anything to the 0 power is 1
- a negative exponent should be flipped to a fraction (and decimal point would be moved to left instead of right)
- every-time you multiply by 10, you shift the decimal point to the right once
Least common Multiple (LCM)
When doing the ven diagram method, multiple all the numbers in the diagram. GCF is only the ones in the middle
Factors vs. multiples
Factors: the #’s that are multiplied to get a given # (always fewer because there are a set # of ways to multiple to get a #)
Multiples: the #’s you say when you skip count by a given # (always will be more) numbers r infinite!
Isoscles Triangle
2 equal sides
Inverse Relationship
y=k/x
as x increases, y decreases
as x decreases, y increases
k=constant of portion or rate
Direct Relationship
y=k*x
k=the constant or rate
Functions
x: input
y: input
- 1 input can only have 1 output
- do the vertical line test. it should only intersect ONE time
Distributive property
a(b+c) = ab + ac
or
a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad
Commutative property
think of 2 terms! Adding or multiply these 2 terms is always going to get you the same answer!
a + b = c so b + a = c
or
a X b =c so b X a =c
Associate Property
thinking of a condo association. the order in which #’s are grouped does not affect sum or product. 3 or more terms!
(a + b) + c = d
a + (b+c) = d
Additive identity property
if u add 0 to an addend, the sum will equal the addend
Multiplicative identity
if u multiply by a factor of 1, the product will equal that factor
GCF
when doing the venn diagram, multiply the numbers in the MIDDLE. do prime factorization first.
Rational Number
- # ’s that can be represented as a fraction
- fractions, percents, integers, decimals
- Rat X Rat = Rat
- ALWAYS A RAT
Irrational Number
- any # that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction
- does not have terminating or repeating decimals
- example: square roots of non-prime #’s
- pie (3.14)
- irrational/irrational can give you a RAT
Volume of a prism
V = lwh
Volume of a cylinder
V = pier^2h
or
V=piedh
Area of a circle
A=pier^2
or
A=pied
Circumference of a circle
2pier
or
pie*d
pythagorean theorem
- only works for right triangles
- a^2 X b^2=C^2
Base 10, 5, 3
Put the # in boxes. starting at whatever base they ask for and start with that base times to the 0,1,2,3,4 power. then add up the answers. this is a place value question.
Arrays
Fraction X Fraction
Bisect
divide into equal parts
Parallel Lines
Lines that will never cross. When trying to find a line that is parallel to another line, the slope will be the SAME
Perpendicular Lines
Lines that will intersect. When finding the slop of a perpendicular line, the slope will be OPPOSITE of the other line.
Area of a trapezoid
A=1/2(b1 + b2)h
