MTB 3 - Preventative Medicine Flashcards
Cancer screening tool that lowers mortality the most:
Mammogram
When to start mammograms? What’s the frequency?
All women >50 every 1-2 years
Has routine breast self-examination proven a benefit?
No
When to start Pap smears?
Age 21 in all women, regardless of onset of sexual activity
How often do you perform pap smears and when to stop?
Every 2-3 years until age 65
When to start colonoscopy in a normal individual? Frequency?
Start at age 50. Every 10 years.
What if Pap smear shows ASCUS?
Do HPV testing
What if after ASCUS you do HPV testing and it’s positive?
Do colposcopy
When to get a colonscopy if a close family member had colon cancer?
Start at age 40 or 10 years earlier than the family member was diagnosed, whichever is earlier
How is HNPCC defined?
Colon cancer in 3 family members in 2 generations, with 1 have it before 50 years old
When should you get a colonoscopy if the family hx is positive for HNPCC?
Begin at age 25. Get one every 1-2 years
When and how to perform lung cancer screening?
Use CT at age 55 in long-term smokers with 30 pack-years
What are the indications for influenza and pneumococcal vaccines?
- Pts with chronic heart, lung, liver, kidney, cancer conditions
- HIV patients
- Pts on steroids
- Pts with DM
In whom does the influenza vaccine have the greatest benefit?
- Everyone >50
- Pregnancy
- Health care workers
What age is the pneumococcal vaccine indicated for EVERYONE?
65
What age do we give the meningococcal vaccine?
Age 11
Earlier in kids with asplenia or terminal complement deficiency
What age do we give the HPV vaccine?
ALL females between 13-26 years old. Acceptable in boys as well.
When is the varicella-zoster vaccine indicated?
In everyone >60
Most effective drug therapy to help with smoking cessation?
Bupropion and Varenicline
When to screen for osteoporosis?
All women at age 65 with a DEXA scan
When to screen for AAA?
Use U/S on all men around 65 yo who ever smoked
When to screen for DM?
Do routinely in those with HTN
When to screen for hypertension?
All pts above 18 during every office visit
When to screen for hyperlipidemia?
Men >35
Women >45
