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Histopath & MTLE > MTAP (Introduction) > Flashcards

MTAP (Introduction) Flashcards

1
Q

Retention time of Records such as Requisition, Quality Control, and Instrument maintenance

A

2 years

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2
Q

Retention time of clinical pathology lab reports

A

2 years

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3
Q

Retention time of surgical pathology reports

A

10 years

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4
Q

Retention time of autopsy forensic reports

A

indefinitely

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5
Q

Retention time of cytogenetics reports

A

20 years

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5
Q

Retention time of bone marrow slides?

A

7 days

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6
Q

Retention time of cytogenetics slides

A

3 years

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6
Q

Retention time of pathology blocks

A

10 years

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7
Q

When accepting papers (2-3 papers) that contain information for the sample from OR they must include details such as:

A
  • name of patient
  • purpose of the surgery
  • type of surgery
  • type of tumor (if applicable)
  • types of sutures
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8
Q

TAT of surgical pathology and cytology

A

5-7 days

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9
Q

TAT of PAP smear

A
  • 3 days
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9
Q

TAT of frozen section

A
  • 24 hours
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10
Q

Retention time of specimen

A

3 months

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11
Q

Retention time of tissue blocks

A

10 years

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12
Q

These are not diagnostic but only a guide in order to give initial diagnosis

A

Tumor markers

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12
Q

Retention time of slides

A

5-7 years

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13
Q

Sometimes mimic tumor marker, also the reason why TM is not diagnostic

A

Proteins

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14
Q

Criteria for malignancy

A

Chromatin in tissue

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15
Q

Tumor Marker associated with liver cancer and germ cell tumor

A

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

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15
Q

Tumor Marker associated with ovarian cancer

A

CA-125

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16
Q

Tumor Marker associated with colorectal cancer

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

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16
Q

Tumor Marker associated with pancreatic, gallbladder, bile duct, and gastric cancers

A

CA19-9

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16
Q

Tumor Markers associated with breast cancer

A
  • CA15-3/CA27.29
  • Estrogen receptor (ER)/ progesterone receptor (PR)
16
Q

Tumor Marker associated with B-cell lymphomas and leukemias

16
Q

Tumor Marker associated with acute myeloid leukemia

17
Q

Tumor Marker associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A

Chromosome 17p deletion

17
Q

Tumor Marker associated with non-hodgkin lymphoma

17
Q

Tumor Marker associated with metastatic prostate cancer

A

Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP)

18
Q

Tumor Marker associated with colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer

A

KRAS gene mutation

19
Q

Acid Formaldehyde Hematin is removed by?

A
  • Saturated alcoholic pictrate acid
  • 1% alcoholic KOH
  • Kardasewitsch MTDS
  • Lillies’s MTDS
20
Q

Tumor Marker associated with ovarian and breast cancers

A

BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations

21
Q

Tumor Marker associated with lymphomas and leukemias

A

BCL2 gene rearrangment

22
Q

A healthy, relaxed, sedentary 70kg man who is killed instantly in an accident will usually have organs such as lungs, heart, liver, adrenals, thyroid, spleen, and brain weight in these ranges:

A
  • Right Lung: 300-400 gm
  • Left Lung: 250-350 gm
  • Heart: 250-300 gm
  • Liver: 1100-1600 gm
  • Adrenals: 4 gm or so each
  • Thyroid: 10-50 gm
  • Spleen: 60-300 gm
  • Brain: 1150-1450 gm
23
Q

Appears as brown or black granules that may obscure micro details

A

Acid Formaldehyde Hematin

24
Q

Appears as black granular deposits

A

Mercuric Chloride

25
Q

Mercuric Chloride is removed by?

A

Alcoholic Iodine

26
Q

Appears as black precipitate

A

Osmium tetroxide

27
Q

Osmium tetroxide is removed by?

A

Cold water

28
Q

A fine-yellow brown deposit

29
Q

Chromate is removed by?

A

Acid alcohol

30
Q

Cheapest among blocks and pellets

A

Paraffin wax

31
Q

Susbtitute for paraffin wax matter in the?

A

melting point (MP)

32
Q
  • Mixture of highly puried paraffin and synthetic plastic polymers
  • It is more elastic and resilient than paraffin wax thereby permitting large dense tissue blocks such as bones and brain to be cut easily with the same result as in double embedding
33
Q

MP of Paraplast

34
Q
  • Soluble in common clearing agents and follows the same time schedule for paraffin impregnation
  • Does not tend to crack like other paraffin wax substitutes
35
Q

A semisynthetic wax recommended for embedding EYES

36
Q

A synthetic wax substitute similar to Paraplast and is less brittle and less compressible than Paraplast

37
Q

MP of Embeddol

38
Q

Clearing agents used for Ester wax

A

Cellosolve (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether) or xylene if indicated

39
Q

A product of paraffin, containing RUBBER, with the same property as paraplast

A

Tissue mat

40
Q

Its MP is around 46-48C, harder than paraffin, and is not soluble in water, but is soluble in 95% Ethyl Alc and other clearing agents

41
Q

Has a MP 38-42C and are plastic polymers, mostly polyethylene glycols

A

Water-soluble waxes

42
Q

Soluble and miscible with water. Hence, does not require dehydration and clearing tissue

43
Q

A polyethylene glycol containing 18 or more carbon atoms, which appears solid at room temperature, the best wax but very expensive

44
Q

An example of Polymer waxes (Water-Soluble Waxes)

45
Q

Substitutes for Paraffin wax

A
  • Paraplast
  • Embeddol
  • Bioloid
  • Tissue mat
  • Ester wax
  • Water-soluble waxes
  • Carbowax

Histopath & MTLE (15 decks)

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